- [Narrator] Ready to learn.

- Hi.

- [Narrator] It's time to share a story, read and write.

- Let's read it back.

- [Narrator] Discover science, sing.

♪ Somewhere over the rainbow ♪ - [Narrator] Play, and so much more.

Stay tuned for lessons and activities.

- We're going to start making some words.

Isn't that fun.

- [Narrator] Funding for this program was provided by the JPB foundation.

- Hi everybody.

My name is Maria and this Miller.

And this is Hopper and I think Hopper is about to go to sleep.

Look he has his nice little pillow here.

I think he's going to have a nice nap very soon.

Hopefully he'll listen to our story.

So today, we're going to read a book and it's called - [Miller] "Mama's Work Shoes".

- "Mama's Work Shoes" So Miller, what do you see on the, on the cover?

- A girl with a bunch of toys and she has like work shoes.

- [Maria] Are they her shoes?

- [Miller] I don't think so.

- [Maria] I don't think so, right?

Cause they're a little big for her and the heels are really high so I doubt they're hers and oh I see a purse here.

Okay.

So the book is written by Caron Levis and it's illustrated by Vanessa Brantley-Newton.

Okay.

So let's get started.

"Mama's Work Shoes" and Miller had a, you you got a chance to look at this book already.

- [Miller] I really just looked at all the pictures.

- So you kind of know what it's about right?

- Not really.

- Not really?

Okay.

So "Mama's Work Shoes" - [Miller] Perry knew all of Mama's shoes.

- [Maria] The swish-swush shoes were for yawning, stretching, reading, drawing, and cooking.

- The zip zup shoes were for running, jumping, skipping, swinging, and fixing.

- So she's has different-- we all have different kinds of shoes right?

I have my workout shoes, I have my shoes that I use when I walk Hopper.

- Oh look she has shoes like her mom.

- Yeah she has little sneakers as well.

Yeah so those are the exercise shoes, yeah we need shoes for different things.

We need shoes if we're playing outside in the rain if we're playing in the snow.

Flip-flap shoes were for sunny times - [Miller] Stomp-stomp shoes were for snowflake times - [Maria] And pat pat shoes were for puddle times.

Yes because it is fun to jump it puddles but you want to have the right shoes on so you don't ruin your shoes for the next day.

- No shoes were for bath time, bedtime, and tickle time.

- [Maria] Yes, you don't need shoes for that.

So no, you don't need shoes if you're in the bath.

- Or in the bed.

- Or in the bed, yes its not a good idea to wear shoes in the bed.

But one morning Mama puts on a pair of shoes Perry had never heard before.

- [Miller] Click-clack click-clack click-clack, Perry liked the sound of Mama's new shoes.

- [Maria] She wondered what they were for.

So what are these shoes for?

So before Mama was wearing shoes for the beach, shoes for the rain, shoes for exercise.

Miller, what is different about these shoes?

What do you think it means?

- Like she can't really run in them and I think it means her work.

- Yeah like she's going to work, something is changing.

Mama is going to work so she's wearing very different types of shoes.

Click-clack, Mama made lunch right after breakfast.

Click-clack, Mama packed one lunch into a big floppy - [Miller] brown bag.

She packed the other lunch into a polka dog bag.

- So who's she packing lunches for?

- Her and perry.

- So she's packing lunches for herself and for Perry.

- Oh I thought-- oh and for Perry.

- And for perry right okay.

So she's packing lunches so they are both leaving the house, right?

Click-clack, Mama put on her jacket.

She helped Perry put on her jacket and her zip-zup shoes.

Today we are staring a new routine, said Mama.

Miller, we don't talk about this word much but what's a routine.

Am I putting you on the spot?

- Like doing something new?

- So routine is something you do frequently.

- Like changing?

- Yeah, so a routine is something you do frequently.

- Oh look Hopper's sleeping.

- He's fast asleep.

- So a routine is something you do frequently but when you change your routine it means your changing up the way you do things.

New?

Perry wondered if it would be shiny slide new or itchy shirt new.

No one wants itchy shirt new, right?

Do you like itchy shirt new?

Yeah, you don't like to wear itchy shirts.

Okay lets see if its going to be shiny slide new, which we like, or itchy shirt new.

- Which we hate.

- Which we don't like because itchy shirts you don't feel comfortable in, right?

Mama and Perry walked down the block to Nan's house.

- [Miller] Click-clack click-clack click-clack.

[Maria] Perry knew about Nan's house.

[Miller] Nan's house was Perry calling knock knock - [Maria] And Nan singing cuckoo clock.

Nan's house was the squeak squeak door.

Nan's house was just socks.

Do you go to anyone's house sometimes where you just wear your socks?

When we go to some of our friends house we take of our shoes, right?

Yeah.

Slish slish and slide on the shiny floor.

- [Miller] But today Mama's click clack shoes stayed on.

- So mom did not stay, right?

So where's mom going do you think?

- Work.

- She's going to work.

- Today you will get to see and play at Nan's house while I go to my workplace.

- [Maria] Then I will knock knock cuckoo clock and we'll go home together.

- [Miller] Just like we talked about, remember?

- Perry did not remember.

So how's she feeling Miller?

How's Perry feeling?

- Perry is feeling like she's wondering.

- Yeah she's wondering what's going on?

This is different, my routine is different.

Mama squeezed Perry in an extra long hug.

She smoothed Perry's already brushed hair and wiped her already clean face.

Mama's smile looked wiggly.

Perry's tummy felt wiggly, too.

- [Miller] Then Mama gave Perry a big smooch smack kiss said, I love you Perry Berry and click-clack click-clack click-clack she went out the door.

- Yeah, so that's a little nickname for her, Perry Berry, I love that name.

Perry did not like this at all.

- [Miller] She stomped, she kicked, she cried, Mama.

- I used to do that when I was little, when my mom would drop me at school.

I would cry and sometimes I would run to the door.

- Sometimes I would.

- You used to do that too, and I would feel so bad.

When I used to leave you with the babysitter and you'd cry.

We all do that.

Perry slumped and stared.

Frowned and glared at the squeak squeak door.

She didn't move when Nan said, she'd be back.

She didn't move when Nan did the shimmy shugga shake shake dance.

- [Miller] Well she smiled and she giggled.

- Yeah she should smile and giggle it sounds like a nice dance.

Then Perry shimmy shugga shake shakes too.

Yes because even though you are sometimes in a place you may want to be in.

If you're doing something fun you have a good time.

Perry and Nan played all day.

Then knock knock Mama was back.

- [Miller] Perry sang Cuckoo clock - [Maria] And she and Mama went home.

But the click clack shoes came home with them.

They will take Mama to work again tomorrow.

- [Miller] At dinnertime Perry made things go away too split-splat.

- [Maria] Oh what is she dong?

- [Miller] She's throwing out her food.

- Oh, she's not happy is she?

At storytime every time Mama got to the end of the book Perry said, Again again again.

And when Mama said goodnight Perry wouldn't let go.

The next day Perry knew what she had to do.

She hid those click clack shoes, she hid all the shoes just in case, but Mama found them.

No cried Perry, no go away shoes.

Oh Perry Berry said Mama in the morning these are my go to work shoes, click-clack click-clack click-clack.

But in the afternoon they turn into my hurry home to see you shoes.

Watch click-clack click-clack click-clack.

Momma walked right back to Perry.

Run said Perry.

Mama run.

So Mama showed Perry how she would run home.

Click-clack fast.

More fast said Perry.

Mama ran as fast as she could, clickity clickity clickity.

- [Miller] Uh oh she fell.

- [Maria] No she didn't fall.

Until Perry laughed.

Mama swooped and they collapsed into cuddles.

No matter what shoes are on my feet, I will always come back to my Perry Berry.

On work days - [Miller] my job is to hurry home to you - [Maria] and your job is to have a squishy squeeze hug waiting for me, okay?

- So Perry practiced.

More squeeze please said Mama.

More, more, more.

Now in the morning Perry helped Mama put on her hurry home to you shoes, she picks out squishy dance with Nan socks then they walk to Nan's house together.

Click-clack click-clack.

Zip zup zoop.

Perry's tummy still wiggles when Mama hugs her goodbye.

- [Miller] Mama's smile wiggles too.

- [Maria] But they both know that at the end of the day Perrys arms will wait wide open for Mama who will be running back, click-clack fast.

Looks like they're having a good time.

- So Perry and Mama's feet can meet tickle tickle together.

- Look at all the shoes, all the shoes.

The end.

So I want to do something very quickly with you.

So you know one day my older daughter, Mia, said to me, "Mommy can you put a note in my lunchbox so that when I'm at school I can open my lunchbox and see a note from you" - I think daddy did that.

- Yeah, he's done that to you.

- I think so.

- So Miller, would you like to leave a note for someone who you may not be with tomorrow.

Who would you like to leave a note for.

- Daddy.

- Okay, so you're gonna work on a note for daddy.

Then, you'll hide it somewhere so he can see it while your at school.

[whispers] And I'm gonna work on a note for Miller.

- I heard that.

- [whispers] and I'm going to put it in a special place for him.

- But where is the question.

Sit, sit, sit.

- I heard you.

- Okay, so lets work on our notes and thank you guys for listening to our story and I hope you can work on a note for someone special.

Sometimes we have to go places and we can't be with the people we love but if we write them a little note they can read it while we're gone and it will make them feel so happy.

So I'm going to work on my note for Miller.

- I'm here.

- Bye, have a good day.

- Hi movers and shakers, this is Violet and I'm going to sing one of my favorite songs, "Heads, Shoulders, Knees, and Toes" and my friend Nico is going to join us and sing some in Spanish as well.

You can sing in whatever language you want.

Can you stand up straight or sit up straight and get ready to dance and move with me?

All right, ♪ Heads, shoulders, knees, and toes ♪ ♪ Knees and toes ♪ ♪ Head, shoulders, knees and toes ♪ ♪ Knees and toes ♪ ♪ Eyes and ears and mouth and noes ♪ ♪ Head, shoulders, knees, and toes ♪ ♪ Knees and toes ♪ [Nico sings "Head, Shoulder Knees, and Toes" in Spanish] ♪ Eyes and ears and mouth and noes ♪ ♪ Head, shoulder, knees, and toes ♪ ♪ Knees and toes ♪ Thanks everyone.

[upbeat music] - Hi, my name is Meridith and today we are going to take a look at words with 'R' blends.

Lets get started.

Here I have a word that starts with 'R' but this is not an 'R' blend, not yet.

Lets say the sounds 'R' 'I' Rip.

Watch what happens when I add the letter 'T'.

The sound 'Ta' now it says trip.

Hmm.

Lets look at another one.

Here I have a weather word.

Lets say the sounds.

'F' 'O' 'G'.

Fog.

Watch what happens when I add the 'R'.

I have a new word, 'F' 'R' 'O' 'G'.

Frog.

Should we try another?

Okay lets look at our last one.

I have 'R' 'A' 'SH'.

Rash.

This word has a digraph in it.

But now I'm going to add my 'T' and I get trash.

Trash like garbage.

Lets take a closer look at our 'R' blends.

Lets look at a picture.

[snapping] what do you see?

Its a drum.

Lets look at the letters in drum.

Do you see here at the beginning of our word there are two consonants.

This is called a consonant blend.

In this case an 'R' consonant blend.

We have the letters 'D' 'R' 'R' blends will happen at the beginning of words but you won't see them at the end of words.

Here we have 'D' 'R' it makes the sound dur.

Can you say that?

Like drum.

That's right, sometime 'D' 'R' can sound a little bit like jur so we need to be careful that we are saying it nice and clean, dur, like drum.

Here's another picture.

[snapping] It's a brush.

Do you see an 'R' bland in brush?

I do too.

Here at the beginning of the word are the letters 'B' 'R' they each make their own sound its not a diagraph.

But it's an 'R' blend.

Brush.

They each make their own sound.

Ba, Rrr Brush.

Lets do another one.

[snapping] Frog.

Lets look at the word, see if there's an 'R' blend in frog.

Do you see the 'R' blend?

'F' 'R' Fr, they're each making their own sound but they're blending together.

[snapping] Look at the picture.

What do you see?

Its a truck.

Lets look at that word.

Where's the 'R' blend.

'T' 'R', again its not a diagraph, each letter is making its own sound.

Ta, Rrr Tr.

Just like with that Dr sound you need to be careful because you can sometimes say the Tr instead of the Ta.

You want to make it really clean.

Truck.

Good job.

Now lets look at something really special.

[snapping] Its a straw.

This word has a trigraph.

A trigraph is three consonants that are making three separate sound like a three consonants blend.

So we have 'S' 'T' 'R'.

Each letter is making its own sound but its coming together as a trigraph.

Ss Ta Rr Straw.

Now we're going to build words together which means if you have letter cards or if you have letter magnets you should go get them.

Your going to need the letter 'R' because we're doing 'R' blends today.

You're going to need the vowels, A I and U.

The consonants C D P S T and the diagraph ck and sh.

While we're waiting for you, I thought we'd sing an alphabet song.

But it sounds a little different than your used to.

Listen to how it goes.

[Sung to the turn of "My Fair Lady"] ♪ A B C D E F G ♪ ♪ H I J ♪ ♪ K L M ♪ ♪ N O P Q R S T ♪ ♪ U V W X Y Z ♪ Did you get your letters?

Are we all set?

All right our first word looks like this.

D R I P. Lets say the sounds.

Da Rr Ip.

Drip.

The water drips.

Drips has and S sound at the end but drip.

Hmm.

Do you see the R blend?

That's right Dr is our R blend.

Lets build another one.

We're gonna take off our D and our P and we're going to start with a T. So we need T R I and we're gonna add a CK at the end.

Do you have this word?

Lets say the sounds.

Ta Rr ICK.

Trick, like a magic trick.

Where's the R blend?

That's right Tr, T R blend.

All right lets change it again.

We're going to only leave the R so we don't need the T or the I or the CK.

I'm going to get the C, my U vowel and my diagraph SH.

Lets say the sounds.

Ca Rr USH.

Crush.

Where's the R blend?

CR Crr.

Good job.

All right I'm going to leave my C, I'm going to take away my U and my SH.

Now I'm making our trigraph.

So I'm going to put my S here in the beginning and I need my A and I need my P. Oh my goodness so many letters.

Lets say the sounds.

Ss Ca Rr AP.

Scrap.

When I have extra leftover paper I call that scrap paper.

Scrap.

Where's our R blend.

Part of our trigraph.

S C R. Great job.

Okay now we're going to do a word sort.

Here I have the words trap, grin, scrub, and drip.

We're going to take more words and put them where they belong.

Here's our first word, trip.

Hmm does trip go with trap, grin, scrub, or drip.

Hmm, well it rhymes with drip.

Drip trip but that's right we're not looking for ending parts we're looking for same beginning part, so its not going to go with trip.

Can you see where it belongs?

That's right it goes with trap.

Trap and trip both start with the Tr sound.

The T R. How about this one?

Hmm, this has a trigraph, S C R. Scrap.

Hmm scrap and trap, those rhyme but you told me we aren't looking for the same ending part we are looking for the same beginning part.

Scrap grin no.

Scrap scrub, that sounds similar.

Scrap drip no I think scrap goes with scrub.

Can you tell me what the same is with scrap and scrub?

That's right they both have the trigraph S C R. Lets take a look.

Grip, hmm grip and grin that's right.

Lets take a look, grip.

Where's grip gonna go, with grin you guys are so good at this.

Grip goes with grin, why?

Because they both start with the G R the gr sound.

You read it.

Drum.

Where am I going to put drum?

That's right its a D R it goes with drip they both say dur.

Lets keep going.

What's this?

Grad, where am I going to put grad?

With grin?

Lets see grin, grip, grad.

They all say Grr.

What does this one say?

I know this ones a long one.

It has a blend at the end but I think you can do it.

Script.

A script is something you read for a play.

Hmm, that's right with the trigraphs.

Scrub, scrap, script.

What's this one say?

Yup its got a diagraph at the end.

Truck.

Hmm, here or here?

Which one?

That's right with trap.

Trap, trip, truck.

And last one, drag.

Where am I going to put it?

With drip.

Drip, drum, drag.

Remember all the things that we did today.

We looked at words and we added consonants to them to make R blends.

Then we looked closer at R blends.

We saw B R and D R. We saw G R and C R and we did T R. Then we looked at a trigraph that has three consonants, like S C R or S P R. Then we built some words together, and finally we sorted our words.

What a fantastic job you did.

Today as your reading, I want you to look for more R blends.

You might find it in books, or in a magazine.

You might see it even on TV.

Keep a list of all of the R blends that you find.

I hope to see you next time.

Bye now.

[upbeat music] - Hey everyone, welcome to the Memphis Zoo here in Memphis, Tennessee.

My name is Max and I'm here with my friend and coworker Chelsea and we are animal interpreters here at the Memphis Zoo.

We've actually been talking about the four basic needs of humans and animals.

Can you think what those basic needs are?

Their food, shelter, water, and today we're talking about space.

Now sometimes I like to stop and thing about how much space I might need for an activity.

For example as you're watching this right now how much space do you need to do that?

And if you wanted to play how much space would you need for that?

[happy music] - You might be surprised that space is one of the four basic needs but space is super important for animals and people alike.

Animals might need space to play with members of its family.

If you have siblings you might have run around outside to play with them too.

Animals also might need space to acquire necessary resources.

For example, a bald eagle needs plenty of space to spread its wings and fly the skies looking at the ground for prey.

Animals need space for a variety of different reasons, but the kind of space an animal needs depends on its lifestyle.

Some animals need space because they're solitary.

This means they prefer spending most of their adult lives alone.

So they need space from other animals to thrive.

If a solitary animal comes across another member of their species it can be stressful.

Some animals are territorial, territorial animals claim a space of their own, a territory, for access to resources.

Territorial animals may indicate their territory by marking it with their scent or by vocalizing to others that this is their space.

The size of an animals territory depends on the animal itself.

A single grizzly bear can have a single territory that goes for hundreds or square miles.

Space also allows animals the ability to travel.

There are many animals in the wild that undertake great migrations across long distances.

Sea turtles will travel thousands of miles to return to the beach where they are born so that they can lay eggs of their own.

Enormous herds of wildebeests in Africa can travel across the Savannah Plains for days in search of greener pastures.

A bird called the Arctic Tern travels from the North Pole all the way to Antarctica.

Whether and animal simply needs to stretch its legs or embark on a thousand mile journey some amount of space is needed.

While its true that you and I may not need space to manage a large territory we need space just the same as animals.

We need space to play, move from place to place, and a lot of other things.

What do you like to do when you have lots of space?

[funky music] - Now young animals especially animals that live in groups need plenty of space to play.

We usually think about fun games or just being goofy when it comes to play time but a lot of animals use playtime for multiple, beneficial reasons.

Now I'm going to do one more round on this slide but I want you to think about some reasons as to why animals may need to play.

[happy music] - Play helps young animals learn important lessons they'll need to survive in life.

The movements and behaviors practiced in animal play help them develop strong muscles, practice staying safe, learn how to socialize, and learn how to find their food.

Take a look at our jaguar cubs, it may look like there just wrestling or playing with enrichment items, but they're actually preparing to sneak up and catch their prey in the future.

You might see baby goats head butting one another even though they don't have horns yet there practicing for when they have to use their strength to compete with other goats when they're living in a group.

Now what about you, other than head butting, what's your favorite way to play?

[happy music] - Now animals, like people, need plenty of space to be able to reach the resources that they need.

For example, take patas monkeys, they love to eat fruit and vegetables but they need plenty of space to be able to climb up into the tress and find those food resources but fruit and veggies also need plenty of time to regrow so they can only eat in the same space for a certain amount of time before they have to travel to another tree to find more fruit and veggies.

In Africa these monkeys spend most of their time up in the trees and that's because, even though they're very fast they can actually run 30 miles per hour, patas monkeys are safer up in the trees than down on the ground where the predators are and being up in the trees means they're closer to their food source.

And since patas monkeys tend to live in groups just like us they need to make sure there's plenty of space and food for all members of their group or their troupe.

Now what about you at home?

Where do you get your food from?

How much space do you need to get your food?

[happy music] - We're now over at our African Belt Exhibit.

If you look behind me you'll see different species of animals sharing the same space.

Right now you might be able to see some bongos, gazelles, and maybe even a Guienne fowl hanging out.

This is actually very similar to how these animals would behave in their natural habitat.

For example, in the Savannah and East Africa its common to see different types of animals like giraffes, elephants, and zebras, just to name a few, all eating within eyeshot of each other.

Each species of animal will stay with their group so even though they are close by they leave each other alone.

However, all these different species of animals hanging out together has an advantage.

With so many pairs of eyes its easier to spot predators like lions or leopards.

Some animals like to be around one another because it helps them feel safe.

However, they still need plenty of space to eat and drink without competing with one another.

Now most of the animals we've met up until this point like to be in groups or around other animals.

However, there are some other animals that like plenty of space to themselves.

- Some animals prefer to be on their own or not living in a group and those are called solitary animals.

Now solitary animals can sometimes meet up with other members of their species, to breed or to help raise a family but other than that they prefer to be all by themselves kind of like Bengal tigers.

If you look carefully you may actually see one right behind me hiding behind that log and taking a nap.

Now there are multiple reasons as to why an animal would want to be solitary or alone.

Maybe they're more comfortable that way, maybe there's less competition for food, or maybe they're territorial and here at the zoo we have to make sure we come up with spaces that fit all of those spacial needs for our animals.

Actually I think I have one we can go check out now.

For example, lets look at what kind of space an animal like a hippo may need.

Now, hippos can live in groups but they can also be really territorial which means they like to have a space in the river all to themselves.

And this means they don't want to share it with other animals or other hippos sometimes.

So when designing a space for a hippopotamus we have to make sure its big enough for multiple hippos to live in here and for them each to have their own little private space because just like people sometimes hippos just want to be left alone.

So we have to make sure there's enough space for each adult hippo.

A hippo fully grown can get up to 5 and a half feet tall and almost 14 feet long.

14 feet is also the length of the average car.

So we basically need to make sure there is plenty of space for a car to be able to move around comfortably.

Plus, hippos like to spend part of their time on land and in the water.

That means we need enough land for the hippo to walk around comfortably and we also need to have the water deep enough so the hippo can get completely submerged and stay nice and cool on a hot day.

We also have to make sure the water is wide enough for the hippo to bounce around it because believe it or not they sink instead of swim.

Fortunately, our hippos at the Memphis Zoo have plenty of space to fit all their needs.

They have space to walk around, a space to eat or drink, a space to bounce around in the water to cool off, and space to be alone when they feel like it.

Having a space like this means our hippos are having one of their basic needs met.

- Lets review what we learned today.

We talked about the basic need of space for both people and animals.

The type of space an animal needs depends on their behavior, personality, and a multitude of other things.

These things can be indicators for the kind of space a human needs, as well.

For example, some people might like to be by themselves and some people might like to hang out in groups, and some people might need a large amount of space to get their energy out and some people might not need a whole lot of space at all.

So before we go we want to leave you with one more question.

Based on who you are as a person what kind of space do you need?

Well guys thank you so much for hanging out with Max and me and on behalf of the Memphis Zoo we hope you have a wonderful rest of your day.

Bye guys.

[upbeat music] - Hi I'm Andrew and I am back with another activity about the built environment in your community.

When you think about the buildings in your community you'll notice that they don't all look the same.

Different buildings can look very different from each other.

One of the ways that buildings can be different from each other is the different materials that are used to make the buildings.

Lets say that word together, materials.

Lets spell that word, M-A-T-E-R-I-A-L-S. Materials.

Materials are the stuff that are used to make something.

They're the stuff that something is made out of.

So buildings can be made of many different materials and some buildings could be made of more than one material.

Next we're going to look at a few examples of common materials that are often used to make the build environment around us.

I'm going to show some pictures of those materials and see if you can guess the name of the material.

Here's the first material that we're going to look at.

Do you know what this material is called?

This is a very strong and hard material, its usually put in neat rows and straight lines and if you touch it it usually feels rough.

This material is brick.

Lets look at another example.

Do you know the name of this material?

This is another very strong, very hard material.

This one can be smooth or rough.

This material is stone.

How about this material, do you know the name of this one?

This material feels more smooth than stone or brick and its not as heavy as stone or brick.

This material is wood which comes from trees.

So wood is an example of something from a natural environment, something that comes from nature, that is actually used to create the built environment.

What about this material, what is this material called?

This material is very strong, it usually feels cold when you touch it.

Sometimes its shiny and sometimes its very smooth.

This material is metal.

And lets look at one last material.

What's the name of this type of material?

This material is very shiny and like metal is often feels cold when you touch it.

Sometimes you can see a reflection, you can see yourself in this material and sometimes you can see right through it to the other side.

This material is glass, often used to make windows in a building.

If you are going to design a building, if you were an architect or engineer, one of the people whose job it is to create the built environment.

How would you design that building?

What materials would you use?

Maybe you would use more than one material for different parts of your building.

Like maybe you would have glass windows like we were saying and maybe you would want your building to have a brick wall and a wooden door or some other combination of different materials.

How does an architect create a really really big building that's big enough for people to walk around inside?

They do it by creating something called a model, a model is like a small version of the final completed big building.

So making this little model shows the architect how the big building is going to look when its all finished.

In today's activity you are going to create a model using materials that you find in your home.

You can choose one material or if you can find more than one material you can take more than one.

Materials could be anything that you have that's available.

You can use paper, you can use a cardboard box, you could use building bricks, you could use all kinds of different things.

Anything that you want so that you can create your model building using this material.

So look around and try to find a material that you can use.

[upbeat music] - What building material did you find?

Did you find more than one material that you can use to make your model?

I found a few different materials that I'm going to show you and I'm going to use them to make my model.

So the materials that I found here I have this tissue paper, I also have this cardboard box, and I have some of these little foam bricks.

So I'm going to use all three of these different materials and you can use whatever material that you were able to find.

Now this box I'm going to use this as the base of my building because it looks like its pretty strong.

It looks like I might be able to put things on top of it, so I'm going to start with this box and then I'm going to take some of these little bricks and I'm just going to pile them up, and of course you don't have to do the same thing as me you can use whatever materials you have and design the building to look however you want it to look.

And as your building and using these different materials you can think, what kind of building are you going to make?

So here I made some little stacks of blocks, this is another feature that buildings often have which we haven't talked about yet.

Do you know what these are called when you see like a long sort of pole that holds up maybe the roof of a building, often you see a lot of them in a row.

So these are columns, I've made some columns for my building but I'm going to put something on top.

I'm going to use my other material, this paper, so I can put the paper on top like this to create a roof for my building.

But there might be other ways I can use this material.

So if you have a material like this, that's paper, you might be able to tear it or crumple it up.

There might be different things that you can do with this material, so I'm going to crumple it up to make it look different and I'm going to put some small pieces on top of these columns.

Just another different way of decorating my building.

So how your building looks will depend on what materials you were able to find.

If I had markers or colored pencils I could also use those to decorate this cardboard box especially because some materials you would be able to use markers or colored pencils on.

So I'm just going to put another little piece of paper on top of each of my columns and I think that will be my building.

So here is a building that I made using these different materials and like I said you can use whatever materials you have and create whatever kind of building you want.

Once you finish making your building, think about how was is working with those materials?

The materials that you found.

Was is really easy to build something or was it kind of tricky?

Were you able to change and do something different to the material like I did with the paper?

After you've finished you could look around for another material, maybe there is something else or maybe you could get more of the same material and create another building but try to make it a different type of building.

Make sure that the next building that you make does not look like the first building because just like buildings in our community we want to create buildings that look a variety of different ways.

Join us next time for another activity for the built environment in your community.

Bye.

[upbeat music] - Hi friends thank you so much for joining me for today's Social Studies lesson.

My name is Miss.

Heather and for today's lesson we are going to be reading a book, "What Can a Citizen Do?"

By David Eggers and illustrated by Shawn Harris.

Before we talk about what a citizen can do I wanted to talk a little bit about what a citizen is.

You see a citizen is just you and me it is any person who lives in a particular place.

So we are citizens in lots of different places.

We are citizens of our communities, of our schools.

We're citizens of our neighborhood and our cities and we are citizens of the country we live in and the state we live in.

We are even citizens of the entire globe and as a citizen we have a responsibility to try to make the world the best place that it can be and to always make sure that we're trying to make the world a better place for everyone to live.

So now that we've had a chance to talk and remind ourselves a little bit about what a citizen is, lets read the book, "What Can a Citizen Do?"

What in the world can a citizen do?

Oh, I see a little boy and he is looking out the window I don't know about you but I've been looking out my window a lot as well.

And in the distance, what does he see?

What do you see?

I see a dog and a person and they're running.

Hmm?

What do you think they're running to?

Ah, I see them now, its a little girl and her dog.

Who can a citizen be?

Well she's looking in the river.

She sees her reflection.

Do you see the little boy who is still in his house looking out the window?

I see him.

There he is.

A citizen is jut like you and look there's a little boy he has a wheelbarrow filled with wood and a whole bunch of tools.

I see a hammer and a saw and a shovel.

And look at the little girls she's on the island surrounded by the river.

A citizen can plant a tree.

And there she is, planting a tree.

Do you still see the boy, looking out the window?

Can you find him?

That's right, there he is.

A citizen can help a neighbor.

And now the boy is helping the girl build something on the island.

What are they building?

I think its a tree house but they've written a note, it says No Trumpets.

Hmm, I wonder why they made that rule.

I see three people in the background, they're coming to join them.

How exciting.

Because a citizen can join a cause but when they get there they see a sign, No Trumpets.

Oh no and the girl has a trumpet.

I think one of the girls is asking with her hands held tightly together, please.

Well a citizen can write a letter, a citizen can help change laws.

Do you think they'll be able to change the rule?

They did so the No Trumpets had become, Okay Trumpets.

I think they've made a compromise.

Uh oh, look at the trumpet, she seems to be playing it the wrong way around and I don't think it sounds very good.

Kids are holding their ears.

A citizen can right a wrong but a citizen can turn things around just like she turned the trumpet around and now it sounds pretty good.

They look happy again.

Uh oh, but one of the boys seems to see a problem.

Do you see a problem?

That's right the turtle is upside down.

A citizen can get things right side than have been upside down.

The boy is helping out the turtle and now the turtle is right side around.

A citizen should be engaged, a citizen should care and care.

Do you see the boy, he's still looking out his window.

A citizen should build things and save things, a citizen can be a bear.

They look really scared, yes a citizen can be a bear.

Now wait a second I don't think a citizen can really be a bear but I know for sure a citizen can be a kid, but even when people are threatening it looks like can come around.

Look at the bear, what's he doing now?

He's not growling anymore, what's he doing?

What is in his hand?

That's right, he's joined all of the kids for tea.

A citizen can wear pink pants.

A citizen cannot stay hid!

A citizen's not what you are a citizen is what you do.

Hmm, what is that bear doing?

It looks like he's on a bicycle and the bicycle is connected to a rope and the rope is connected to a whole bunch of pulleys.

The bear is helping out the kids.

A citizen cannot forget the world is more than you.

And wow look at when all the people come together, look at what they can build.

That is the most amazing tree house ever.

We are all part of a society, one full of joy and pain.

A land of latticed people.

None of us the same.

And if we help just one help one lonely soul.

What do you see friends?

All of the citizens and kids are looking through a telescope, and who do they see?

That's right its the boy who's home all alone in his house.

We open doors, we bring in light.

We bind us all and make us whole.

So forget yourself a second.

Grab a shovel or a pen.

It looks like all of the kids from the island and the tree house have built a bridge that is now connecting their island to the little boys house and they're trying to get his attention.

Do something for another don't you dare doubt that you can.

The little boy seems to have a string of lights and he's plugging them in.

Everything makes an impact on a bigger better than you and now the boy has joined the friends on the island and walked over the bridge.

And it all starts with the question, what can a citizen do?

And look at that tree house now.

Thank you so much friends, for taking the time today to read, "What Can a Citizen Do?"

Until I see you soon I wanted to say thank you so much and I hope that you keep having so much fun learning more about Social Studies.

Bye friends.

- [Narrator] Funding for this program was provided by the JPB Foundation.

[upbeat music]