>> WELCOME EVERYONE.

WELCOME TO AMANPOUR AND COMPANY.

HERE IS WHAT IS COMING UP.

>> I THINK WE NEED TO BE PREPARED FOR A LONG WAR.

AND IT'S WISE TO GET PUT IN THE MESSAGE THAT WE ARE READY.

>> AS RUSSIA'S WAR IN UKRAINE FORCES GERMANY TO CONFRONT ITS PAST, I AM IN MUNICH SPEAKING WITH THE LEADER TO DETERMINE ITS FUTURE CHANCELLOR OLAH SCHULTZ.

>> WHEN IT COMES TO MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO CRAIG, NOTHING IS OFF THE TABLE.

>> HAS BEEN STEADFAST FOR UKRAINE.

JAMES CAVERLY TELLS ME THAT WHETHER THE U.K. PLANS TO KEEP UP THE WEAPONS KIEV NEEDS.

GOLD-MEDAL PLATFORM.

PARA-OLYMPIAN OSAMA MASTERS SHARES HER STORY ABOUT INDOMITABLE COURAGE IN THE HARD PATH.

LATER, CRITICAL LESSONS FROM THE WORLD MORTAL WOUNDS.

HARRY SPEAKS WITH ERICA GUYS, AUTHOR OF WATER ALWAYS WINS.

[MUSIC] >>, PORN COMPANY HAS BEEN MADE POSSIBLE BY THE ANDERSON FAMILY FUN.

SUE AND EDGAR WALKING CHAIM THE THIRD.

CANDACE KING WEIRD.

JIM ATWOOD AND LESLIE WILLIAMS.

THE FAMILY FOUNDATION OF LAYLA AND MICKEY STRAUSS.

MARK J GLESSNER.

SETON J MELVIN.

AN ART AND DENISE SCHWARTZ, PATRICIA EWING, COMMITTED TO CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN OUR COMMUNITIES.

BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG.

WE TRY TO LIVE IN THE MOMENT.

TO NOT MISS WHAT IS RIGHT IN FRONT OF US.

AT MUTUAL OF AMERICA ÃÃWE BELIEVE TAKING CARE OF TOMORROW CAN HELP MAKE THE MOST OF TODAY.

MUTUAL OF AMERICA FINANCIAL GROUP.

RETIREMENT SERVICES AND INVESTMENTS.

ADDITIONAL SUPPORT PROVIDED BY THESE FUNDERS.

AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU.

THANK YOU!

[MUSIC] >> WELCOME TO THE PROGRAM EVERYONE.

I'M CHRISTINA.

FOR HERE, THE MUNICH SECURITY CONFERENCE IS JUST ONE WEEK UNTIL THE FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF RUSSIA'S ILLEGAL INVASION OF UKRAINE.

IN A MOMENT ÃÃMY ALI, BREONNA RIEGER WILL HAVE ALL THE NEWS FROM THE UNITED STATES.

BUT FIRST, THIS TIME LAST YEAR THE MAIN STAGE IN THE CONFERENCE HOTEL BEHIND ME, I SPOKE TO THE UKRAINIAN PRESIDENT VLADIMIR ZELINSKI.

AND THEN HE HOPED THAT DIPLOMACY WOULD WORK TO DETERMINE A WAR.

BUT FIRST HE SAID THE UKRAINE KWHAT ABSOLUTELY REMAIN FIRM TO THEIR COUNTRY AND MORE THAN 700DEAD AND MANY MORE.

AS WELL AS 10,000 00 SOLDIERS.

MANY DISPLAYS.

HOMES AND SCHOOLS GONE IN CHILDREN AND CIVILIAN INFRASTRUCTURE DESTROYED.

AND THE WAR GRINDS ON WITH NO ONE PREDICTED WOULD BE HANGING ON.

MUCH LESS TAKING THE FIGHT TO RUSSIA ITSELF.

TODAY, HERE AT THE MUNICH SECURITY CONFERENCE, PRESIDENT ZELINSKI ADDRESSED THE PEOPLE, THE LEADERS BY VIDEO.

AND HE SAID THAT HE IS STILL NEEDED.

WEAPONS APPEALING FOR THOSE WEAPONS FOR MORE SUPPORT TO SUSTAIN DEMOCRACY AND GLOBAL SECURITY.

NOW, AS LEADERS OF EUROPE'S ECONOMIC POWERHOUSE, THE GERMAN CHANCELLOR, OLAH SCHULTZ HAS INFLUENCE OVER WHETHER OR NOT UKRAINE GETS THE SUPPORT IT NEEDS.

SO AFTER HIS SPEECH HERE IN MUNICH, WE SAT ON THE STAGE TODAY AT TOGETHER AND I WAS ABLE TO ASK HIM ABOUT WHETHER ANY OF THIS WOULD BE A SUSTAINED EFFORT FOR AS LONG AS IT TOOK.

>> MR. CHANCELLOR?

THIS TIME LAST YEAR HAD THE PRIVILEGE OF SITTING HERE WITH STATES HAD TOLD HIM THAT MAYBE YOU SHOULD LEAVE YOUR COUNTRY BECAUSE SOMETHING MIGHT HAPPEN.

HE CAME HERE ANYWAY TO SAY THAT OUR FIGHT IS YOUR FIGHT.

AS HE DID AGAIN.

MANY NATIONS HERE WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE U.S.

IN THE U.K. DID NOT BELIEVE IN THE INTELLIGENCE THAT THAT VLADIMIR PUTIN WOULD IN FACT INVADE.

AND THEN THREE DAYS LATER IT DID.

YOU HEARD PRESIDENT ZELINSKI SAID THAT THIS MUST BE OVER THIS YEAR.

DO YOU SHOULD I BELIEVE THAT IT CAN AND MUST BE?

>> I THINK THIS IS REALLY A VERY BRUTAL WAR.

IT'S THE IMPERIALISTIC APPROACH OF RUSSIA TO CONQUER THE WHOLE UKRAINE OR BIG PART OF IT.

AND HE IS DOING THIS VERY MUCH FOR YOUR WITH A LOT OF BRUTAL IMPACT ON THE SOIL OF THE UKRAINE AND MANY PEOPLE SUFFERED FROM THAT DYING MEN, WOMEN, CHILDREN AND YOUNG AND OLD PEOPLE.

AND THIS IS WHAT WE SHOULD KNOW.

THIS IS WHAT WE CAN DO NOW FACING THE SITUATION AND THAT IS GIVING THAT BEST SUPPORT THAT WE CAN AND THIS IS WHY GERMANY ENLARGED CONSTANTLY ITS CAPACITY OF SUPPORT FOR THE UKRAINE AND WE DID SO WITH THE EFFECT THAT NOW WE CAN SAY THAT GERMANY IS THE BIGGEST SUPPLIER AND ALSO OF WEAPONS TO UKRAINE ON CONTINENTAL EUROPE AND WE WILL CONTINUE TO BE THERE.

>> YOU AND YOUR SPEECH SAID WE HAVE TO BE READY FOR THE LONG HAUL.

YOU MUST STRATEGIZE AND THINK AMONGST YOURSELVES HOW LONG THIS COULD LAST.

YOU HAVE A TARGET DATE?

>> I THINK IT'S WISE TO BE PREPARED FOR A LONG WAR.

IT IS WISE TO GIVE THE MESSAGE THAT WE ARE READY.

TUESDAY ALL THE TIME TOGETHER WITH UKRAINE AND THAT WE WILL CONSTANTLY SUPPORT THE COUNTRY.

SO, IT IS NOT REALLY A VERY GOOD IDEA THAT IN THIS CONFERENCE OR AT THIS PODIUM Ã ÃTHE TWO OF US DISCUSSED THE QUESTION.

WHEN EXACTLY THIS WAR WILL END.

IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT DECISION THAT WE SHOULD TAKE ALTOGETHER IS SAYING THAT WE ARE WILLING TO DO AS LONG AS NECESSARY AND THAT WE WILL DO OUR BEST.

>> DO YOU BELIEVE?

[APPLAUSE] YOU BELIEVE THAT NATO ÃÃ SORRY, YOUR ALLIES WILL STAY AT UNITED AND THAT YOUR PEOPLE WILL STAY BEHIND YOU AND FIND THIS EFFORT?

>> YES.

FIRST, I AM ABSOLUTELY SURE THAT PUTIN NEVER EXPECTED THAT THERE WOULD BE A UNITED EUROPE AND THAT THERE WOULD BE A UNITED WORLD.

HE NEVER THOUGHT THAT THE TRANSATLANTIC PARTNERSHIP COULD WORK THAT GOOD.

BUT ALSO HE NEVER THOUGHT THAT THERE WOULD BE SO MUCH SUPPORT FOR THE UKRAINE.

FOR MANY OTHER COUNTRIES ALL OVER THE GLOBE.

AND HE NEVER EXPECTED THAT THERE WOULD BE A MAJORITY OF PEOPLE REVOLTING IN THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY THAT SAYS THIS IS A WAR OF AGGRESSION THAT CANNOT BE INTERCEPTED AND HE NEVER EXPECTED THAT EVEN IN THE JUNE 20 MEETING THAT WE HAD A STRICT SENTENCE ABOUT THIS WAR AND THE RUSSIAN AGGRESSION.

AND THE ABSOLUTELY CLEAR SENTENCE THAT NUCLEAR WEAPONS SHOULD NOT BE USED IN THIS WAR.

SO THE UNITY IS SOMETHING HE NEVER EXPECTED AND IT'S OUR TASK, BUT ALSO OUR CHANCE THAT WE STICK TO IT.

AT ABSOLUTELY SURE THAT WE WILL.

AND LOOKING AT THIS SITUATION IN MY COUNTRY ÃÃI SEE THAT THERE IS A BROAD SUPPORT FOR THE STRATEGY AND ACTIVITIES OF THE COVENANT.

YES, THERE ARE SOME AND WE ARE A DEMOCRATIC COUNTRY THAT UNLOCKED THAT WHETHER IT'S REALLY A GOOD IDEA TO DO ALL OF THE SANCTIONS AND TO DEPLOY ALL OF THESE MANY WEAPONS TO THE UKRAINE.

BUT EVEN THE BIG MAJORITY OF THOSE IS IN THE END, INTERCEPTING THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS TO TAKE A RESPONSIBLE DECISION AND TRUST US IN DOING WHAT WE DO.

AND EVEN THOSE WHO POSSIBLY SOMETIMES THINK THAT WE SHOULD DO SOMETHING MORE ÃTHIS REALLY UNDERSTAND THAT IT IS VERY GOOD THAT WE STICK TOGETHER AND THAT WE NEVER GO ALONG AND THAT WE JUST DO IT TOGETHER WITH OUR FRIENDS AND PARTNERS AND ESPECIALLY WITH THE UNITED STATES.

AND THIS IS WHY I AM ALSO SURE THAT WE WILL HAVE THE SUPPORT OF OUR PEOPLE FOR THE THINGS THAT WE ARE HAVING TO DO.

>> OBVIOUSLY ONE CANNOT PUT A DATE ON THE END.

I SUPPOSE THE AMOUNT OF HELP THAT YOU SENT AND THE SPEED IN WHICH YOU SEND IT.

SO NO POINT IN GOING OVER THE LENGTH OF TIME THAT IT TOOK TO GET THE LEFT BID TANKS AND FREE TO SAY THAT.

SORT OF CHOREOGRAPHY BETWEEN THE U.K., THE U.S., AND GERMANY.

BUT NOW YOU SEEM TO BE IN THE POSITION OF HAVING TO PERSUADE ALL THOSE OTHER COUNTRIES THAT WERE TRYING TO GET YOU TO SEND THE LEPERS OR THEIR LEPERS TO >> YES.Y SEND THEM.

[INDISCERNIBLE] THERE IS A QUESTION THAT I HAVE TO ASK TO OTHERS.

ESPECIALLY THOSE THAT WERE SO MUCH URGING ME TO ACT IN A SPECIAL WAY.

AND I WILL ONLY REPEAT THE ONLY STRATEGY FOR BEING UNITED IS NEVER DOING SOMETHING JUST FOR YOUR OWN AND TO DISCUSS WITH YOUR FRIENDS AND PARTNERS AND THIS IS WHAT WE DID.

AND I'M REALLY APPRECIATING VERY MUCH THE STRONG ALLIANCE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND IN THIS CASE, IT'S VERY GOOD THAT WE DID A LOT AND NOT JUST THE LAST STEP TOGETHER.

AND I AM SURE THAT WE WILL CONTINUE TO BE TOGETHER IN THIS VERY DIFFICULT CASE.

[APPLAUSE] >> WHEN WILL THEY GET THERE?

WHEN WILL THE TANKS GET THERE?

YOURS AND THE OTHERS?

>> WE ARE WORKING TEST IS THE MINISTER OF DEFENSE THIS YEAR IS WORKING VERY HARD TO MAKE HAPPEN AND THE INDUSTRY IS DOING THE SAME SO THAT WE ARE ABLE TO DEPLOY THE FIRST LEPER TANKS VERY SOON AND ALSO WITH TRAINED SOLDIERS.

THIS IS WHAT WE ARE READY STARTED AND WE ARE DOING SO ALSO IN GIVING TRAINING AND SUPPORT FOR ALL OF THE MAINTENANCE, WHICH IS NECESSARY AND AMMUNITION TO OTHER PARTIES THAT WILL JOIN.

AND AS I LEARNED, MANY ARE NOT ABLE TO DELIVER THE MOST MODERN TANKS, WHICH WE DO.

I HOPE SOME MORE WILL JOIN ALSO IN THIS CASE.

BUT IN THE ONES THAT THEY ARE DELIVERING ÃÃWE WILL GET THE SUPPORT AS WELL.

AND AS YOU KNOW ÃÃTHERE IS ALSO A BIG NUMBER OF TANKS THAT WE WILL DELIVER AND SO THIS IS ALTOGETHER WHAT WE CAN DO.

IT'S PART OF OUR JOINT ACTIVITY AND I AM SURE THAT IN THE END Ã ÃIT HAS A CONCRETE MILITARY EFFECT.

BUT THE MOST IMPORTANT EFFECT OF THIS CASE IS THAT PUTIN LEARNS THAT IT IS THIS MISCALCULATION IF HE THINKS THAT HE CAN JUST STICK TO THIS COURSE AS LONG AS NECESSARY.

AND THEN WE WILL STOP OUR SUPPORT.

THIS WILL NOT HAPPEN.

>> CHANCELLOR.

THERE IS ALSO SOME WORRYING INFORMATION OR REALITY ABOUT YOUR OWN AND GENERALLY, NATO'S AMMUNITION STOCKPILES.

SECRETARY-GENERAL SAID THIS WEEK THAT WHAT USED TO TAKE 12 OR SO MONTHS TO ORDER AND PRODUCE IS NOW TAKING 28 MONTHS.

IS THAT A WORD?

THEY ARE USING A HUGE AMOUNT OF SHELLS OBVIOUSLY, BUT HOW CAN YOU CONTINUE TO PROSECUTE THIS WAR IF YOU ARE RUNNING OUT OF AMMUNITION AND THE PRODUCTION IS NOT YET WRAPPED UP?

>> I DISCUSSED VERY OFTEN WITH BORIS AND THE DEFENSE MINISTER IN GERMANY AND MY FOREIGN MINISTER.

AND ALINA.

THAT WE HAVE TO CHANGE THE WAY OF DEALING WITH THE INDUSTRY.

SO ÃÃIN THE LAST YEARS ÃÃ MORE AND MORE WE THOUGHT THAT THE RELATION BETWEEN THE PUBLIC DEFENSE DEPARTMENT AND THE INDUSTRY IS SOMETHING VERY SIMILAR TO A COMPANY THAT IS BUYING THE CAR.

SO THERE IS ALWAYS A STOCK OF CARS.

THERE IS A PERMANENT PRODUCTION.

THERE IS ALWAYS WHAT YOU NEED FOR MAINTENANCE.

THE WAY THAT WE DID IN THE PAST AND THE LAST 20 YEARS OR SO IS THAT ONCE WE ORDERED AND WE AGREED THAT THE PRODUCTION IS STOPPING BECAUSE WE HAVE ALREADY BOUGHT WHAT WE NEED.

SO WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND THAT FOR OUR SECURITY ÃÃWE HAVE TO CHANGE THE WAY OF DEALING WITH THIS.

WE NEED THE PERMANENT PRODUCTION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT WEAPONS THAT WE ARE USING AND THIS IS ALSO DUE TO MAINTENANCE QUESTIONS AND THIS IS ALSO DUE TO THE QUESTION OF MUNITION.

AND SO THIS IS WHAT WE ARE LEARNING.

BUT LEARNING IT JUST MEANS THAT WE ARE NOW TAKING ACTION IN CASE OF OUR OWN DEFENSE CAPABILITIES.

BUT ALSO DOING IT AND SUPPORT ALREADY HEARD THAT THE THIS IS A WEAPON THAT HAS NOT BEEN USED AND PRODUCED FOR I THINK 20 OR 30 YEARS ÃÃWE ARE NOW PRODUCING AGAIN THE MUNITION FOR THE FLAK TANK, WHICH IS VERY ESSENTIAL IN DEFENDING UKRAINE FROM MISSILES AND OTHER THINGS.

AND IT IS SOMETHING THAT WE ARE STARTING.

THERE IS A CONSTANT SUPPLY.

WE ALSO DISCUSS WHAT WE CAN DO IN ACHIEVING THE CHANCE AND MUNITION THAT WORKS WITH THE TANKS THAT ARE IN USE IN UKRAINE.

MOST OF EASTERN AND RUSSIAN.

IT COULD ALSO BE CONTINUED.

AND THERE ARE A LOT AND I SEE THEM OF OUR EASTERN PARTNERS, WHO COULD BE VERY GOOD PARTNERS IN CREATING THE PRODUCTION IN THIS CASE.

SO, WE ARE WILLING TO DO OUR BEST WITH THE PERMANENT SUPPLY IS VISIBLE.

>> PART OF THIS CONFERENCE IS ALSO AS IT WAS ANNOUNCED TO INCLUDE THE GLOBAL SOUTH AND ACTUALLY TO TRY AND CHANGE PUBLIC OPINION AND OPINION UPON THE LEADERSHIP, YOU AND BRAZIL WERE TALKING TO PRESIDENT LULA.

YOU ASKED FOR AMMUNITION OF THE TANK AND I ALSO DID AN INTERVIEW IN WASHINGTON WHEN YOU VISITED PRESIDENT BIDEN AND HE SAID NO.

NOT DOING IT.

DON'T BELIEVE IT.

DON'T BELIEVE IN WHAT YOU'RE DOING.

HOW ARE YOU GOING TO CONVINCE THE REST OF THE WORLD TO COME ON BOARD WITH WHAT YOU CALL A WAR FOR INTERNATIONAL AND GLOBAL VALUES?

AND THE RULE OF LAW?

>> SO FIRST ÃÃI THINK THAT THIS IS THE LAST MOMENT FOR WHAT PUTIN ALWAYS IS: THE GLOBAL WEST.

WE HAVE A VERY GOOD AND MUCH BETTER RELATIONSHIP TO MANY COUNTRIES IN ASIA AND AFRICA AND THE SOUTH OF AMERICA.

MY ÃÃI AM COMPLETELY CONVINCED THAT IF WE LOOK FROM THE WORLD OF PERSPECTIVE FROM 2050, IT WILL BE A DIFFERENT WORLD ÃÃTHE SOUTH OF AMERICA AND THIS IS OBVIOUSLY INDONESIA AND INDIA.

OUR GOOD FRIENDS ALREADY HAVE IN KOREA, BUT LOOK AT VIETNAM.

LOOK AT MALAYSIA AND THE PHILIPPINES AND LOOK AT THAILAND.

THERE ARE MANY COUNTRIES THAT COULD BE PARTNERS FOR US IF WE ARE DEALING WITH THEM AND THIS IS WHAT WE SHOULD DO.

AND THIS IS THE SAME WITH AFRICA.

I JUST WANT TO REPEAT THAT IT'S VERY GOOD THAT WE HAVE A GOOD RELATIONSHIP WITH SOUTH AFRICAN REPUBLIC THAT WE HAVE A GOOD DISCUSSION WITH SENECA.

AS THE LEADING COUNTRY OF THE AFRICAN UNION TODAY.

BUT I JUST REMEMBER THAT NIGERIA WILL HAVE AS SOME PEOPLE ARE TELLING US ÃÃ500 MILLION INHABITANTS IN THE MIDST OR NEAR THE MIDST OF THE CENTURY AND IF YOU GO TO THE SOUTH OF AMERICA WITH RIZZO WITH MEXICO AND MANY OTHER COUNTRIES THERE.

THEY WILL BE STRONG AND THEY WILL NOT ACCEPT THAT A COUNTRY ÃÃEVEN A COUNTRY COMING UP NOW WILL GIVE THEM ADVICE.

THIS WILL BE DEFINITELY A MULTI- POLE WORLD AND THE TASK THAT WE HAVE TODAY IS TO MAKE VERY SURE THAT THIS MULTI- POLE AWARD IS NOT A WORLD THAT IS INTERCEPTING THE RULE OF WORLD AND RELATIONS BETWEEN THE COUNTRIES AND REVISIONISM IS NEVER ACCEPTED.

WHICH IS WHAT PUTIN IS DOING.

AND THAT WE HAVE ÃÃTHOUGH WE DO NOT ALL AGREE ON THE WAY OF GOVERNING OUR COUNTRIES AGREE THAT THE CORPUS ÃJUST THE INTEGRITY OF A PERSON IS SOMETHING THAT IS ALSO INTERCEPTED BY THOSE COUNTRIES THAT ARE NOT DEMOCRACIES LIKE FOR INSTANCE, GERMANY OR FRANCE OR UK OR UNITED STATES.

AND THIS IS THE ONE THING THAT I INVITED MANY OF THEM TO THIS IS WHY I THINK THAT WE SHOULD NOT UNDERESTIMATE THIS SITUATION.

IT'S WORSE IN BRAZIL, IT WAS SOUTH AFRICA, IT WAS ARGENTINA, IT WAS INDONESIA.

IT WAS INDIA AND MANY OTHERS THAT MADE IT FEASIBLE THAT WE HAD THAT STRONG DECISION IN 2020 SAYING THAT THIS WAS AN AGGRESSION AND SAYING THAT NUCLEAR BOMBS CANNOT BE USED IN THIS WAR.

THOSE THAT AVERT HE DECIDED ON THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY TOGETHER WITH US BUT ALSO THOSE WHO DID NOT AND HAVE NOT DONE THIS, BUT WHO ARE ABSOLUTELY CLEAR ABOUT THE AGGRESSION AND JUST IMAGINE BRAZIL.

LUDO BOORSE AND IS ABSOLUTELY CLEAR SAYING THAT THIS IS AN IMPERIALISTIC AGGRESSION BY RUSSIA AND NOTHING ELSE.

[APPLAUSE] >> BUT HE ALSO GIVES A LITTLE Ã ÃHE ALSO SAYS THAT IT TAKES TWO TO TANGO AND HE PUT SOME OF THAT BLAME ON ZELINSKI.

IN ANY EVENT, LET'S MOVE ON.

BECAUSE WE'RE GOING TO GET SOME QUESTIONS IN A MOMENT.

BUT FIRST ÃÃTHE TANKS WERE LIKE NO, NO, NO, NO, YES.

ARE THE PLANES GOING TO BE NO, NO, NO, NO, YES.

WHAT YOU GOING TO TALK TO PRESIDENT BIDEN ABOUT WHEN YOU GO TO WASHINGTON TO MEET HIM SOON?

>> WE HAVE A VERY GOOD FRIENDSHIP AND IT IS NOT THAT WE ARE HAVING ÃÃWE PUBLIC DEBATES, BUT WE HAVE A LOT OF DEBATES WHERE WE WORK ON THE QUESTIONS ON THE TABLE.

IT'S SOMETHING THAT ONLY WORKS IF WE DO NOT TELL YOU BEFORE.

WHAT WE WILL DO AFTERWARDS AND POSSIBLY ALSO NOT ALL.

WE HAVE TO DO SOMETHING AND ALSO DEAL WITH SOME QUESTIONS.

AND AS YOU KNOW ÃÃI THINK SOME QUESTIONS BEFORE YOU ASKED ME THAT YOU WERE DECIDING ÃÃ COMBAT TANKS.

AND NOW ÃAS YOU HAVE TO CONVINCE OTHERS.

AND THOUGH YOU DID THIS ÃÃYOU NOW ASK ME ÃÃANOTHER QUESTION, WHICH IS NOT ON THE TABLE, WHICH IS NOT ON THE AGENDA, THERE WAS NO NEED FOR DISCUSSING IT.

I THINK WE WILL HAVE TO DO A LOT FOR MAKING FEASIBLE THAT NOW SUPPORT FOR THINGS THAT WE REALLY DELIVERED FOR THE BATTLEFIELD ON THE GROUND AND WHICH WILL BE IMPORTANT AND WE WILL CONTINUE TO DO MORE OF WHAT WE ALREADY DID AND TO GET MORNING COUNTRIES JOINING US FOR.

>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH CHANCELLOR.

>> SO JUST BEFORE CHANCELLOR SCHULTZ, VLADIMIR ZELINSKI, THE UKRAINIAN PRESIDENT ADDRESSED THE CONFERENCE BY A SATELLITE PAIRED BY REMOTE.

AND HE PORTRAYED THE STRUGGLE AS THE UKRAINIAN DAVID AGAINST PUTIN THE GOLIATH.

>> DAVID HAD TO BE MORE AND FURTHER SUPPORTED.

>> DAVID DEFEATED GOLIATH, NOT BY THE POWER OR DECISION Ã DESPITE THE POWER OF THIS EXCELLENCE.

BY THE SLANG.

CARS IS WHAT WE HAVE.

THERE ISN'T ENOUGH OF IT.

NOT ONLY IN UKRAINE, BUT IN OUR ENTIRE COALITION OF VICTORY.

THE SLING SHOULD GET STRONGER.

>> FROM THE VERY BEGINNING ÃÃ BRITAIN WAS A VERY VOCAL AND MATERIAL SUPPORTER OF UKRAINE'S DEFENSE.

BUT WITH ECONOMIC TROUBLES AND STOCKPILING AMMUNITION WOES AROUND THE NATO ALLIANCE, HOW LONG COULD THIS SUPPORT BE MAINTAINED?

WELL, JAMES CLEVERLY.

THE U.K. AS FAR AS THE SECRETARY IS HERE JUST DISCUSS THIS WITH ME.

WELCOME TO THE PROGRAM.

>> THANK YOU.

>> SO ZELINSKI WAS AGAIN ASKING AS HE ALWAYS SAYS FOR MORE AND MORE AND MORE.

A BIG THANK YOU FOR EVERYTHING YOU'VE ALL DONE.

BUT THERE SEEMS TO BE A MOOD IN THE ROOM THAT THE WEST IS FALLING QUITE FAR SHORT OF AMMUNITION AND THE ABILITY TO KEEP PRODUCING IT AT THE RATE IN WHICH IT'S NEEDED.

IS THAT THE SAME CASE AT HOME?

>> WELL ÃJUST THE POINT THAT UK HAS CONSISTENTLY MADE IS THAT WE NEED TO SUPPORT UKRAINE AND WE NEED TO SUPPORT UKRAINIANS WHO ARE FIGHTING FOR THEIR SELF-DEFENSE UNTIL THIS IS RESOLVED AND UNTIL THIS WAR IS OVER AND UNTIL IT HAS BEEN MEANS GIVING MORE EQUIPMENT.

THAT IS WHY WE ARE VERY PROUD OF THIS CONFLICT STARTED LAST YEAR TO PROVIDE YOU THOSE ANTITANK MISSILE SYSTEMS.

THAT IS WHY WE HAVE WORKED WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS TO PROVIDE ARTILLERY SUPPORT AND WE NEED TANKS AND I'M PLEASED THAT THERE IS A REAL INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS THAT THAT IS THE RIGHT WAY FORWARD.

AND WE HAVE TO STICK WITH THEM UNTIL THIS IS DONE.

WE HAVE TO HAVE THE STRATEGIC ENDURANCE TO STICK WITH THEM UNTIL THIS IS DONE.

>> ,AS FROM THE BRITISH POINT OF VIEW.

HOW THE BRITISH DEFINED UNTIL I KNOW YOU SAY THAT PUTIN CANNOT WIN AND UKRAINE MUST WIN.

BUT WE HAVE NOT HEARD SPECIFICS ABOUT WHAT WHEN IT LOOKS LIKE.

TO YOUR MIND ÃÃWHAT DOES ONE GOING TO DO IS EITHER EXPLICITLY OR INDEED IMPLICITLY DICTATE TO THE UKRAINIANS WHAT SHOULD BE A DECISION THAT IS RIGHTLY MADE BY THEM.

BUT IT IS CLEAR THAT WE HAVE TO SEND A MESSAGE TO THE WHOLE YOUR NEIGHBOR.

YOU CANNOT BRUTALIZE THE PEOPLE.

YOU CANNOT DESTROY THE INFRASTRUCTURE.

YOU CANNOT DISREGARD THE UN CHARTER WITH IMPUNITY.

VLADIMIR PUTIN HAS TO BE SEEN TO HAVE BEEN UNSUCCESSFUL IN THIS AGGRESSIVE ATTEMPT TO REDRAW BORDERS BY FORCE.

THAT ULTIMATELY IS WHAT HIM FAILING AND UKRAINE SUCCEEDING HAS TO LOOK LIKE.

>> AND THAT AGAIN ÃÃIT WOULD BE GREAT TO GET SORT OF CLARITY ON HOW YOU WARGAME DID NOT.

WHAT DOES THAT LOOK LIKE?

WHEN THE VLADIMIR PUTIN TO YOUR MIND FEEL THE PAIN ENOUGH TO DO EXACTLY WHAT YOU'RE SAYING?

NO, HE CANNOT SUCCEED.

SO HE HAS TO ENTER NEGOTIATIONS IN GOOD FAITH.

OR CONFLICT AND NEGOTIATION COULD WE WANT THIS CONFLICT TO COME TO A SWIFT CONCLUSION.

MOTIONED LEADERSHIP AND NEGOTIATIONS ARE IN GOOD FAITH.

UP UNTIL THIS POINT ÃÃWE HAVE NOT SEEN ANY INDICATIONS OF THAT GOOD FAITH.

WHAT IT NEEDS TO BE ÃÃNEEDS TO BE IN ALL OF OUR MINDS THAT VLADIMIR PUTIN WILL LASH OUT.

HE WILL GET AGGRESSIVE.

HE WILL MAKE ALL KINDS OF THREATS.

ON THE ROAD TO ULTIMATELY RECOGNIZING THAT HE CANNOT AND WILL NOT WIN.

WE NEED TO BE PREPARED FOR THAT.

WE NEED TO EXPECT THAT.

AND WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THAT WHEN HE DOES FINALLY GET A NEGOTIATING TABLE THAT HE IS NEGOTIATING A MEANINGFUL AND SUSTAINABLE PERMANENT PEACE SETTLEMENT, WHICH DOES RIGHT BY THE PEOPLE OF UKRAINE WHO HAVE SACRIFICED SO MUCH.

>> SO THE U.S. AND THE CIA DIRECTOR HAS SAID THAT THERE IS NO SIGN THAT VLADIMIR PUTIN WANTS TO DO AS YOU SAY HE HAS TO DO.

NEGOTIATE IN GOOD FAITH.

HE'S NOT AT ALL READY TO DO THAT.

THE UKRAINIANS AND AGAIN TODAY ÃJUST TO THE BBC PRESIDENT ZELINSKI SAYS OUR COMMISSION IS THAT HE'S OUT OF OUR TERRITORY INCLUDING CRIMEA.

IS THAT SOMETHING THAT THAT YOU SUPPORT?

>> AS I SAY ÃÃIT WOULD NOT BE RIGHT FOR THE U.K. OR ANYONE ELSE TO DICTATE TO THE UKRAINIANS.

IT WOULD BE THERE.

SONS AND DAUGHTERS AND BROTHERS AND SISTERS WHO HAVE LOST THEIR LIVES AND IT'S BEEN THERE CITY.

LAST YEAR ÃÃWHEN I WAS IN KIEV AND JUST ON THE EDGES OF KIEV ÃÃISO-DAMAGE THAT HAD BEEN DUMPED BY RUSSIA'S INVASION.

I SAW THE GRAVEYARD OF VEHICLES FULL OF BULLET HOLES AS PEOPLE WERE SHOT BY THE RUSSIAN FORCES AS THEY TRY TO EVACUATE FROM UKRAINIAN CHILDREN BEING FORCIBLY DEPORTED TO RUSSIA TO HAVE FORCED ADOPTIONS.

>> WE DON'T KNOW HOW MANY, RIGHT?

>> WE DON'T.

WE DON'T.

WHAT WE DO KNOW IS THAT THE PEOPLE OF UKRAINE HAVE SUFFERED ENORMOUSLY.

AND I THINK IT WOULD BE PERVERSE FOR US OR ANYONE ELSE TO STOP TELLING THEM WHAT THEIR VICTORY CONDITIONS SHOULD BE.

OF COURSE WE ARE GOOD FRIENDS AND OF COURSE WE ARE CLOSE SUPPORTERS.

AND WE WILL ALWAYS ACT IN THEIR BEST INTEREST TO HELP THEM WIN THIS TO A SWIFT BUT EDIBLE CONCLUSION.

>> YOU MUST BE LOOKING AND WAITING FOR THIS MUCH WANTED RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE.

I FOR THE LIFE OF ME CANNOT QUITE UNDERSTAND HAS IT HAPPENED?

WHAT ARE YOU SEEING?

WE ALSO GET SOME DIFFERENT SCENARIOS PAINTED.

OBVIOUSLY THE UKRAINIANS ARE VERY CONCERNED ABOUT IT AND THEY ARE FIGHTING VERY HARD UP IN THE BATTLEFIELD AREA.

AND IT'S TOUGH.

AND AS I SAID AMMUNITION AND A LIKE IS DWINDLING.

SIMILARLY ÃÃI'VE ASKED INTELLIGENCE AND OTHERS AND THEY DON'T SEE A MASS OF EITHER RUSSIAN TROOPS ÃÃNEW ÃÃ HEAVY VEHICLES AIRCRAFT OR ANYTHING.

WHAT ARE YOU SEEING THAT YOU CAN TELL US?

CAN YOU TELL US LIKE YOU DID LAST YEAR?

THAT PART OF THE INTELLIGENCE?

>> OBVIOUSLY I AM NOT GOING TO ÃÃI AM NOT GOING TO START DISCUSSING.

WE DID?

>> THAT WAS VERY CONSCIENCE.

I THINK WHAT WE SHOULD RECOGNIZE IS THAT THROUGHOUT THIS CONFLICT ÃÃAS VLADIMIR PUTIN HAS BEEN PROGRESSIVELY UNSUCCESSFUL IN HIS VARIOUS ATTEMPTS ÃÃHE HAS CHANGED THE WAY THAT HE HAS ATTEMPTED TO BRUTALIZE UKRAINE.

SO INITIALLY IT WAS TANKS AROUND KIEV.

THEN IT WAS THE FIGHT THAT WE'VE SEEN IN EASTERN AND SOUTHERN UKRAINE.

AND OF COURSE MOST RECENTLY WE'VE SEEN THESE VICIOUS ATTACKS ON CIVILIAN POPULATIONS AND CIVILIAN INFRASTRUCTURES.

SO ÃÃWE KNOW THAT VLADIMIR PUTIN.

>> STUFF HAPPENS ON LIVE TELEVISION.

>> I THINK IT'S OKAY.

>> IS NOT YOUR CAR.

>> IT'S NOT MY CAR.

WE KNOW THAT VLADIMIR PUTIN HAS TRACK RECORD OF FLASHING OUT AND WE HAVE TO HELP UKRAINIANS DEFEND THEMSELVES AGAINST WHATEVER FORM OF ATTACK VLADIMIR PUTIN THROWS AT THEM.

BUT ULTIMATELY AS I SAY ÃÃ WHAT THIS IS ABOUT ÃÃTHIS IS ABOUT OUR SUPPORT TO BRING THIS WAR TO A SWIFT CONCLUSION.

THAT DOES MEAN AT SOME POINT THAT VLADIMIR PUTIN NEEDS TO RECOGNIZE THAT HE IS NOT GOING TO WIN.

THAT IS WHY WE AND OUR FRIENDS INTERNATIONALLY HAVE BEEN SUPPORTING THE UKRAINIANS WITH MONEY AND HUMANITARIAN SUPPORT AND OF COURSE MILITARY SUPPORT AS WELL.

>> JUST PIVOT TO SOMETHING.

VERY CRUCIAL TO YOU AND MORE CLOSELY AT HOME.

YOU WERE IN BRUSSELS SPEAKING WITH THE EU AND THERE WAS SOME IDEA OF PERHAPS THAT THE PRIME MINISTER AND YOU WILL HAVE WORKED OUT A SOLUTION TO THE NORTHERN PROTOCOL.

SOON TO BE NORTHERN ISP WITH THE PARTIES TODAY.

WHAT CAN BE TELLS ABOUT WHERE THAT IS?

>> WELL ÃÃTHERE'S BEEN A LOT OF JUSTICE I BELIEVE VERY WELL-INTENTIONED SPECULATION OVER A NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT WE ARE JUST ON THE VERGE OF A BREAKTHROUGH IN THIS IS ABOUT TO HAPPEN ÃJUST THAT'S ABOUT TO HAPPEN.

THE SIMPLE TRUTH IS THAT THIS IS A COMPLICATED CHALLENGING BUT WE'VE BEEN SPEAKING WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION INTENSIVELY AND IN GOOD FAITH.

WE HAVE A GOOD WORKING RELATIONSHIP AND WE BUILT I THINK A VERY GOOD MOMENTUM ÃÃ BUT WE STILL HAVE DIFFICULT ISSUES THAT NEED TO BE RESOLVED.

WE HAVE MORE THAN WILLING AS EUROPEAN NEEDED, WORKING INTENSIVELY TO RESOLVE THIS.

WE WOULD LOVE TO HAVE DONE THIS SOONER RATHER THAN LATER.

WE ARE NOT CHASING A DEADLINE FROM WE WANT TO GET ONTO THE NORTHERN ISLAND EXECUTIVE BACK UP AND RUNNING AND WE WILL CONTINUE TO CONTINUE WORKING WITH THE EU WITH THE POLITICAL PARTIES IN NORTHERN IRELAND TO TRY AND GET THIS RESOLVED AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.

>> FUNNY ISN'T IT?

>> JAMES TAYLOR, THANK YOU.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

>> THANK YOU FOR.

>> THANK YOU.

AND THAT BRINGS IT TO THE END OF OUR COVERAGE FROM HERE IN MUNICH.

I NOW HAND OVER TO MY COLLEAGUE YANA RODERIGO IN YOUR FOR THE REST OF TODAY'S NEWS.

BEYOND?

>> THANK YOU INTERVIEW THERE.

VERY INSIGHTFUL.

ANOTHER INSIGHTFUL PERSON IN CONVERSATION ÃÃPRASANNA MASTERS IS A ONE-OF-A-KIND ATHLETE.

THE SIX-TIME U.S. PARALYMPIC CHAMPION BRINGING HOME THE GOLD IN A VARIETY OF SPORTS.

PRASANNA'S STORY STARTS IN UKRAINE WHERE SHE WAS BORN WITH MULTIPLE BIRTH DEFECTS IN THE SHADOW OF THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT.

ADOPTED AND BROUGHT TO AMERICA BY A LOVING SINGLE MOTHER ÃÃA DISHONEST DRIVE AND DETERMINATION TOOK HER TO THE PINNACLE OF ATHLETIC SUCCESS.

SHE TELLS HER STORY IN A RIVETING NEW BOOK.

THE HARD PARTS.

A MEMOIR OF COURAGE AND TRIUMPH.

PRASANNA MASTERS WELCOMED TO THE PROGRAM >> YOU WERE BORN IN UKRAINE AND AS WE NOTED YOU HAD MULTIPLE BIRTH DEFECTS IN LIGHT OF THE GREAT TRAGEDY THERE.

THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT ÃÃHE SPENT THE FIRST SEVEN YEARS OF YOUR LIFE.

IN AN ORPHANAGE.

OKAY FOR A MOTHER DESPERATELY TRYING TO DETERMINE WHERE YOUR MOTHER WAS.

HE ULTIMATELY FOUND HER.

A WOMAN MAY NAME A MASTERS WHO DOCTOR YOU MOVED TO THE UNITED STATES AT AGE 7 AND THUS YOUR LIFE BEGAN HEARING THE U.S. WHAT IF ANYTHING YOU REMEMBER FROM YOUR TIME IN UKRAINE?

>> HONESTLY ÃÃWHEN YOU THINK ABOUT ORPHANAGES ÃÃIT'S NEVER A GOOD PLACE FOR ANY CHILD ANYWHERE TO GROW.

ESPECIALLY IN AN EASTERN EUROPEAN AND AND A SMALL VILLAGE THAT I CAME FROM.

I WAS WHEN I CAME TO AMERICA TEST AS I WAS CONSIDERED FAILURE TO THRIVE BECAUSE THE RESOURCES FOR FOOD WERE NOT THE POINT OF MY RESOURCES FOR MEDICAL NEEDS DID NOT HAVE.

EVEN THOUGH I DID HAVE SEVEN SURGERIES ÃÃIT WASN'T TO THE LEVEL THAT I NEEDED.

AND THERE WAS A LOT OF KIND OF RIDE WHEN I WAS 13 JUSTICE A LOT OF MEMORIES THAT I SUPPRESSED OF THE ABUSE OF THE PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL AND EMOTIONAL THINGS THAT I EXPERIENCED COME TO SURFACE AND THESE ARE ALL THINGS THAT I'VE WANTED TO NOT JUST HIGHLIGHT THAT ONLY HAPPENS UKRAINE ÃÃ THIS HAPPENS IN EVERY ORPHANAGE OR IN EVERY FOSTER CARE SYSTEM ALL OVER THE WORLD.

>> YES.

AND THE MENTAL SCARS THAT STAY WITH YOU THROUGHOUT LIFE.

I GUESS MANY CHILDREN ARE NOT ABLE TO SUPPRESS THEM, BUT AT SOME POINT OR ANOTHER ÃÃYOU DO COME TO TERMS WITH THEM.

JUST TO GIVE OUR AUDIENCE A SENSE OF WHAT YOU WERE ABLE TO COME TO TERMS WITH DASHES WERE BORN WITH SIX TOES ON EACH FOOT, FIVE WEBBED FINGERS ON YOUR HAND AND NO THUMBS.

BOTH YOUR LEGS WERE MISSING WEIGHT-BEARING BOUNCED AFTER SCREEN WITH UNITED STATES TESTIS ULTIMATELY HAD SURGERY AND MUCH BOTH LEGS WERE AMPUTATED ABOVE THE KNEE.

AND HERE YOU ARE.

AND A DECORATED SPORTS ATHLETE.

WHAT DREW YOU TO SPORTS?

>> HONESTLY FOR ME ÃÃI NEVER SAW ANYBODY THAT LOOKED LIKE ME THAT WAS MISSING LEGS.

REPRESENTING TEAM U.S. OR RACING AT THAT LEVEL IN LOUISVILLE KENTUCKY WHERE I WAS LIVING AT THAT TIME.

WHEN I GOT THE SPORTS ÃÃIT WAS ÃÃROWING WAS THAT SPORT FOR ME AND IT WAS MIKE THERE.

I WAS NOT READY TO VERBALIZE AND SHARE WORDS WHAT I EXPERIENCED AND I DID NOT KNOW HOW TO ARTICULATE THE MEMORIES AND THE SCAR TISSUE IN MY MIND THAT I HAD FROM THE EXPERIENCES.

INTO WORDS AND I WAS ABLE TO DO THAT INTO ROWING.

AND TO SPORTS.

AND IT WAS THAT RELEASE OF PULLING THE OARS AND JUST GETTING THIS IMMENSE RELEASE AND WAS MY WAY TO SCREEN WITHOUT HAVING TO SCREAM.

SO, BECAUSE SILENTLY.

>> LOOK AT WHERE YOU ARE RIGHT UPPER DID YOU EVER THINK THAT THE DAY WOULD COME WHERE YOU WOULD BE CHAMPION IN SO MANY FIELDS?

>> NO WAY.

I BELIEVE THAT I'M A GEMINI.

SO.

>> ,GEMINI TOO!

>> YES!

MY GOD ÃÃTHAT'S SO COOL.

YOU GET IT.

YOU LICK EVERYTHING.

YOU JUST LIKE WE ARE VERY VERSATILE ENDEAVORS AND STUFF.

I NEVER MET IN MY LIFE TO BE TO BE AN ATHLETE LET ALONE A PARALYMPIC ATHLETE REPRESENTING TEAM U.S. FOR AS LONG AS I'VE BEEN ABLE TO DO.

AND BEING ABLE TO HAVE THE SUPPORT BEHIND ME AND PEOPLE WHO DID BELIEVE IN ME HELP ME GET TO WHERE I AM WITH THE BATTLES THAT I CAN BRING FOR TEAM U.S. >> NOT JUST ANY PARALYMPIC METALS.

>> WE WILL GET TO UKRAINE IN THE SECOND.

NOT JUST A MEDALIST.

A 17 TIME PARALYMPIC MEDALIST.

JUST TO GIVE YOU THE PROPS THAT YOU ARE DUE.

AND THAT PERSON WHO YOU CALL YOUR LIFELINE IS YOUR MOTHER?

AND I WANT TO READ AN EXCERPT FROM YOUR BOOK ABOUT HER PRODUCER FOR THE FIRST TIME IN MY LIFE I FALL ASLEEP OF THE FOX SMILE MY FACE.

FOR THE FIRST TIME IN MY LIFE I AM NOT AFRAID TO SHOW IT.

ONE CAN USE MY FEELINGS AGAINST ME ANYMORE.

I WANT WILL HURT ME ANYMORE BECAUSE I HAVE A MOTHER.

YOUR MOTHER TURNED YOUR LIFELINE ÃJUST YOUR BIGGEST CHAMPION ÃÃI GUESS A SOULMATE IN MANY WAYS.

TALK ABOUT THE IMPACT SHE HAS HAD ÃDOES NOT OWN AND BRING YOU HERE TO THE UNITED STATES, BUT ALSO THROUGHOUT YOUR CAREER.

>> I MEAN MY MOM ÃIS THAT EXPERT YOU JUST READ FROM THE BOOK IS THE FIRST MEMORY THAT I HAD WHEN I FIRST MET MY MOM IN UKRAINE AND THE NIGHT THAT SHE CAME AND WOKE ME UP AND I TOLD HER AND ACCLAIMED HER RETURN SET I KNOW YOU'RE MY MOM.

ED CLAIMED RIGHT THERE.

IT WAS NOT A CHANGE.

AND I REMEMBER THAT SO VIVIDLY.

GOING BACK TO AND REMEMBERING THAT TO WHERE I AM NOW ÃÃI WOULD NOT BE HERE TALKING TO YOU BECAUSE SHE SAVED MY LIFE.

I AM HERE BECAUSE OF HER.

I WAS NOT EXPECTED TO LIVE PAST 10.

AND SHE TRULY SAVED MY LIFE AND FOUGHT FOR ME TO CHOOSE MY BIGGEST ADVOCATE FOR HIM WHEN I NEEDED TO HAVE MY AMPUTATIONS.

AND SOCIETY WAS MY BIGGEST ADVOCATE FOR MAKING SURE THAT I WAS ABLE TO BE PARTAKING AND AND JUST SHE SAVED MY LIFE AND FROM UKRAINE AND THAT ORPHANAGE SYSTEM.

BUT THEN SHE SAVED IT AGAIN BY INTRODUCING THE WORLD OF SPORTS TO ME.

MY MOM IS ONE OF THOSE PARENTS WERE SHE OPEN THE DOORS.

SHE WANTED TO OPEN THE DOORS, BUT SHE NEVER PUSHED ME THROUGH AND FORCE ME TO WALK THROUGH.

SHE WAITED TILL I WAS READY.

AND I WAS FINALLY READY TO WALK THROUGH THAT DOOR OF SPORTS.

>> SHE NEVER DENIED YOU YOUR PAST AS WELL AND YOUR HERITAGE.

YOU ARE AN AMERICAN AND URINARY UKRAINIAN AMERICAN.

AS SOMEBODY WHO OVERCAME SUCH A DARK PAST AND SUCH TERRIBLE MEMORIES AND ATROCITIES.

AND INFLICTED UPON YOU WHEN YOU WERE A YOUNG CHILD.

HOW DO YOU VIEW YOUR BIRTH COUNTRY NOW?

>> OH MY GOSH.

HONESTLY ÃÃI HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PROUD TO BE UKRAINIAN.

I DON'T VIEW WHAT I EXPERIENCE AS I HIT UKRAINE AND IT HAPPENED UKRAINE BECAUSE IT WAS JUST A FEW BAD PEOPLE.

IT WAS A PEOPLE.

THEY ARE INCREDIBLE.

INCREDIBLE MEMORIES OF MY TIME IN UKRAINE TOO.

AND YOU KNOW ÃTHAT THEY OUTWEIGH THE MULTIPLE BAD EXPERIENCES THAT I UNFORTUNATELY EXPERIENCE, BUT I'M NOT THE ONLY CHILD THAT DOES EXPERIENCE THOSE SITUATIONS.

AND LITERALLY TOLD MY MOM THAT I'M A SMART GIRL.

MY, LEARN ENGLISH.

ENGLISH TEACHER UKRAINIAN.

I DID NOT WANT TO LIMIT ANY OTHER ANY LANGUAGE.

I WAS VERY PROUD TO BE UKRAINIAN AND MY MOM ALWAYS SAID THAT YOU ARE SAYING AS SHE HONORED MY IDENTITY AND WHERE BEING UKRAINIAN TESTIS CHEER WE SAID THAT WAS MY UKRAINIAN HEART THAT DROVE ME THE EXTRA MILE AND MADE ME WORK AND THAT RESILIENCY.

>> THAT IS AN INCREDIBLE STORY.

AND I KNOW YOU WERE COMPETING IN BEIJING LAST YEAR.

WHEN RUSSIA INVADED.

UKRAINE.

TALK ABOUT WHAT THAT FELT LIKE.

JUST KNOWING WHAT WAS HAPPENING.

>> OH MY GOSH.

I HAD NO IDEA.

THERE IS A PHYSICAL TOLL OF TRAINING AND RACING.

BUT THE EMOTIONAL AND MENTAL TOLL THAT I FELT WAS OUT OF THE FIVE GAMES AT THAT POINT BEIJING WAS MY SIXTH.

I WAS AT.

THAT WAS THE HARDEST ONE AND I DID NOT WANT TO GO BECAUSE I THOUGHT AT THE TIME IT WAS THE MOST SELFISH THING TO DO IS TO GO AND LINE UP ON THE START LINE FOR SOMETHING THAT IS VERY SELFISH AND MY OWN GOALS INSTEAD OF WENT KNOWING THAT THERE ARE SO MANY KIDS AND THE COUNTRY ÃÃMY HOME COUNTRY IS AND FAMILY THERE THAT I CAN TESTIS THOSE DREAMS OF MEETING THEM AND SEEING THEM IN PERSON CAN ONLY HAPPEN THERE.

AND I JUST DID NOT WANT TO GO.

AND I MEAN OBVIOUSLY I DID GO BECAUSE MY COACH TOLD ME THE POWER THAT HAD TO REPRESENT BEING A UKRAINIAN AMERICAN.

NOT JUST IN THE SUN.

>> FOR YOU ÃÃTHAT WAS THE BEST OF BOTH WORLDS?

IS REPRESENTING YOUR PAST AND YOUR PRESENT AND IN YOUR FUTURE.

I KNOW THAT YOU ARE RAISING MONEY TO HELP DISABLED CHILDREN IN UKRAINE.

TELL US MORE ABOUT THAT.

>> YES SO INVASION ÃÃIT STARTED WITH BEIJING AND THE REASON THAT I CAME TO TERMS OF ALLOWING MYSELF TO LINE UP ON THE START LINE AND RAISE EVERY OUNCE OF MY BODY THAT WENT TO THAT RACE IS TO GET BACK AND IF I WAS LUCKY ENOUGH TO END UP ON THE PODIUM ÃÃI WAS GOING TO DONATE MY WINNINGS PORTIONS OF THE WINNINGS TO ORGANIZATIONS IN UKRAINE AND THE ONE THAT I CHOSE WAS THROUGH GLOBAL GIVING.

IT WAS BRIGHT KIDS CHARITY AND THE SPECIFIC ONE THAT I ENDED UP WITH WAS NO CHILD FORGOTTEN.

AND THAT'S WHERE I DONATED.

AND I WAS VERY LUCKY TO END UP ON THE PODIUM SEVEN TIMES.

AND ON ALL SEVEN EVENTS.

WHICH IS LIKE A RESPONSE BECAUSE EVERY TIME I LOOKED AT MY FLAG AND EVERY TIME I LOOKED OUT ÃÃI KNEW I WAS NOT JUST STANDING THERE FOR MY OWN GOAL AT THAT POINT.

IT WAS ACTUALLY CAN GIVE SOMETHING BACK AT ONE POINT MY LIFE IN UKRAINE I WAS A LITTLE GIRL WITH NO VOICE AND NOW I CAN DO SOMETHING TO MY HOME COUNTRY.

AND I WAS ONE OF THOSE KIDS THAT WAS FORGOTTEN THAT WAS AN ORPHAN WITH A DISABILITY.

>> AS AN AMERICAN TESTIS YOU HAVE MADE THIS COUNTRY SO PROUD AND I KNOW THAT AS UKRAINIANS THEIR WATCH AND CHEER YOU ON TESTIS YOU MAKE THEM SO PROUD AS WELL.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US TODAY.

YOU ARE SUCH AN INSPIRATION AND KEEP GOING.

WE LOOK FORWARD TO WATCHING WHAT HAPPENS NEXT IN YOUR LIFE.

>> THANK YOU.

>> NOT TO A CRISIS OF WATER.

CONTACTING COUNTRIES AROUND THE GLOBE.

IN THE UNITED STATES AT LEAST SEVEN STATES ARE VETTED BY THE ALARMING DEPLETION OF THE COLORADO RIVER.

WITH THE WATER LEVELS OF LAKE POWELL AND LAKE MEAD REACHING HISTORIC LOWS.

SOME ARE CALLING AN ABSOLUTE JOURNALIST, ERICA GUYS IS SOUNDING THE ALARM IN HER BOOK, ONE ALWAYS WINS.

SHE JOINS [INDISCERNIBLE] TO DISCUSS INNOVATIVE WAYS TO CONSERVE THE PRECIOUS RESOURCE.

>> THIS CONVERSATION IS PART OF THE ONGOING PUBLIC MEDIA INITIATIVE PARALLEL AND PROMISE ON THE CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS GUYS, THANKS MUCH FOR JOINING US.

YOUR BOOK TALKS ABOUT WATER AND KIND OF A GLOBAL SENSE.

BUT HERE IN THE UNITED STATES RIGHT NOW ÃÃTHERE'S A VERY ACTIVE CONVERSATION ON WHAT'S HAPPENING TO THE COLORADO RIVER AND HOW ESSENTIALLY ALL OF THE STATES THAT BENEFIT FROM THE WATER OF THAT RIVER ARE TRYING TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO REDO AND RETHINK AN AGREEMENT.

WHY IS THIS SO CRUCIAL TO THE UNITED STATES?

>> WATER IS AN INHERENTLY LOCAL ISSUE.

EVERY PLACE HAS ITS OWN UNIQUE GEOLOGY AND ECOLOGY AND HUMAN CULTURE.

AND SO ÃÃALL THE SOLUTIONS NEED TO BE TAILORED WITHIN THOSE REALMS.

AND A POINT THAT I MAKE IN MY BOOK IS THAT YES ÃÃCLIMATE CHANGE IS MAKING DROUGHT AND FLOODING MUCH MORE INTENSE.

BUT A SIGNIFICANT PART OF OUR ISSUES WITH WATER ARE DUE TO OUR DEVELOPMENT CHOICES.

SO THAT SPRAWL AND INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE AND EVEN THE CONCRETE KIND OF VERY CONTROL ORIENTED WAY THAT WE TRY TO MANAGE WATER HAS DRAMATICALLY ALTERED THE WATER CYCLE.

AND IN THAT WAY TESTIS WE'VE CREATED A LOT OF PROBLEMS FOR OURSELVES.

>> WHEN WE LOOK AT HOW WE ENGINEER HOW WATER GETS TO US Ã ÃPEOPLE WILL SAY YES OBVIOUSLY THERE ARE MORE DEMANDS ON THE WATER PRODUCED GREATER POPULATION AND THERE WAS A COUPLE HUNDRED YEARS AGO WHEN THESE TREATIES WERE FIRST SIGNED.

BUT EVIDENTLY KIND OF ENGINEERED OUR WAY INTO A SOLUTION WHERE THERE ARE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES THAT WE DID NOT THINK ABOUT?

BY PUTTING IN THESE SORTS OF CANALS AND DAMS THAT WE HAVE?

>> I THINK THE VERY HEAVILY ENGINEERED WATER SYSTEM THAT WE HAVE HAS WORKED TO A POINT.

BUT NOW WE ARE HITTING THESE TIPPING POINTS WITH POPULATION I JUST WANT TO OFFER A COUPLE OF STATISTICS TO GIVE SOME PERSPECTIVE ON HOW WE HAVE INTERFERED AT THE WATER CYCLE.

SO HUMANS HAVE DRAINED OR FILLED 87 PERCENT OF THE WORLD'S WETLANDS.

AND WE HAVE INTERVENED WITH DAMS AND DIVERSIONS ON TWO THIRDS OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST RIVERS.

AND THE LAND AREA COVERED BY OUR CITIES HAS DOUBLED.

SINCE 1992.

SO IN ALL OF THESE WAYS, WE ARE ACTUALLY PREVENTING WATER FROM TESTIS HAVING ITS SLOW CYCLES.

THESE ARE WETLANDS, SLOW PLANES, MEADOWS AND FORESTS WHERE WATER CAN FLOW ON THE LAND AND MOVE UNDERGROUND.

AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER IS REALLY IMPORTANT AND I THINK IT'S SOMETHING THAT PEOPLE HAVE REALLY FORGOTTEN IN THE U.S. WEST.

YOU KNOW?

WE TEND TO THINK OF GROUNDWATER AS EXTRA WATER AND SURFACE WATER RUNS DRY.

BUT IN FACT ÃÃTHE SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER ARE CONNECTED.

AND WHEN YOU HAVE A HEALTHY WATER TABLE ÃÃTHAT SUPPLY STREAM SUPPLIES RIVERS AND WETLANDS FROM BELOW.

>> IF YOU COULD EXPLAIN THIS IDEA OF SLOW WATER?

>> ALL THE PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD WHO ADMIT AROUND THE WORLD WHOSE OUR ENGINEERS AND ECOLOGISTS, ARCHITECTS, URBAN PLANNERS, WHO DOING IS REALLY INNOVATIVE THINGS WITH WATER Ã ÃTHEY ARE ALL SEEKING TO RESTORE SLOW FACES THAT WE'VE ERADICATED WITH DEVELOPMENT AND THEY ARE ALSO SEEKING TO RECONNECT THAT SURFACE GROUNDWATER LINK.

AND SO I CAME TO THINK OF THEM AS PART OF THIS SLOW WATER MOVEMENT, WHICH I FIND ANALOGOUS TO THE SLOW MOVEMENT.

THAT'S WHY I THOUGHT OF IT.

BECAUSE SLOW MOVEMENT IS DRAWING ATTENTION TO WHERE OUR FOOD COMES FROM AND HOW ITS GROWTH IMPACTS LOCAL PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT AND SIMILARLY Ã ÃTHE WAY THAT WE RELATE TO WATER IS HAVING THESE KINDS OF IMPACTS.

SO ÃÃTHERE ARE SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF SLOW WATER.

THEY ARE DISTRIBUTED ACROSS THE LANDSCAPE RATHER THAN CENTRALIZED.

THEY ARE SOCIALLY JUST.

THEY DO NOT TAKE WATER FROM ONE PLACE AND GIVE IT TO ANOTHER.

THEY DON'T PROTECT ONE AREA AND THEREFORE MAKE ANOTHER AREA MORE VULNERABLE.

THERE IS OFTEN A COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT COMPONENT.

THE PLACES THAT I TRAVEL IN INDIA AND PERU FOR EXAMPLE KENYA ÃÃYOU HAD LOCAL PEOPLE, WHO WORK ACTUALLY BUILDING AND MAINTAINING THESE PROJECTS PRINT SOMETIMES COLLABORATING WITH EACH OTHER.

IN A VERY HANDS-ON WAY.

IT'S KIND OF HARD TO IMAGINE THAT IN THE UNITED STATES ALTHOUGH CERTAINLY PEOPLE WHO ARE LANDOWNERS HAVE DONE THINGS LIKE THIS ON THEIR OWN PROPERTY.

BUT THERE CAN ALSO BE EDUCATIONAL COMPONENTS.

LIKE IF YOU RECLAIM THAT INDUSTRIAL SITE ALONG THE RIVER AND BUILD A PARK THERE ÃÃYOU CAN HAVE SIGNAGE THAT EXPLAINS TO THE PUBLIC WHAT'S HAPPENING WITH THE WATER CYCLE THERE.

TO A LARGE EXTENT, FLOW WATER IS LOCAL.

THAT CAN SEEM AN ANATHEMA TO A PLACE THAT SEEMS THE U.S. WEST AND CALIFORNIA, WHERE WE BRING SO MUCH WATER FROM ELSEWHERE.

BUT IT REALLY MEANS ÃÃMAKING THE MOST OF THE WATER THAT COMES.

AND YOU KNOW, CAPTURING IT ON SITE AND HAVING IT BE THERE LOCALLY.

AND TRYING TO THINK IN TERMS OF LIVING WITH YOUR WATER MEANS.

>> YOU ALSO MENTIONED FOR EXAMPLE THAT THE RIPPLE EFFECTS OF WHAT WE HAVE DONE AS HUMAN BEINGS ON ALL OF THE DIFFERENT RIVER SHEDS AND RIVER SYSTEMS AROUND THE WORLD.

BY EXAMPLE FOR PUTTING DAMS ON THE ONE HAND.

LOTS OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE ENGINEERED THIS AND COUNTRIES WE WILL SAY.

HYDROELECTRIC POWERS IS FANTASTIC.

IT'S SO MUCH BETTER THAN YOU KNOW, US TRYING TO USE FOSSIL FUELS.

IT'S HERE FOR US.

BUT AT THE SAME TIME ÃÃWE ARE NOW AT A SITUATION WHERE LAKE MEAD IS RUNNING POTENTIALLY SO LOW THAT IT MAY NOT BE ABLE TO GENERATE POWER IN THE FUTURE.

>> YES, I THINK THERE ARE SOME MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT HYDROPOWER.

BEFORE I READ A LOT OF WATER Ã ÃI READ A LOT ABOUT THE RENEWABLE ENERGY AND YOU KNOW Ã ÃTHERE ARE COUNTRIES IN SOUTHERN AFRICA LIKE ZAMBIA FOR EXAMPLE.

AND MOZAMBIQUE, WHERE THEY GET 96 PERCENT OF THEIR POWER FROM HYDROPOWER.

YOU KNOW, FOR A LONG TIME A LOT OF PEOPLE THOUGHT OF HYDROPOWER AS RELIABLE BASED FLUID POWER.

BUT WE'VE SEEN REALLY TERRIBLE DRUGS AND WHERE HYDROPOWER IS NOT ABLE TO BE PRODUCED ANYMORE AND YOU HAVE ENTIRE ECONOMIES COLLAPSING AT TIMES.

IF YOU HAVE A COUNTRY WHERE YOU KNOW, YOU ARE ENTIRELY DEPENDENT ON THAT POWER.

AND EVEN COUNTRIES THAT ARE ALL 100 PERCENT OR LARGELY DEPENDENT ON THE HYDROPOWER CAN STILL HAVE SOME IMPACT.

I WILL ALSO ADD THAT FOR A LONG TIME HYDROPOWER WAS CONSIDERED TO BE A CARBON FREE SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY.

AND IN FACT IT'S NOT.

THERE IS AN INCREASING BODY OF SCIENCE SHOWING THE OMISSIONS THAT ARE EMBEDDED WITHIN HYDROPOWER THAT WE ARE NOT REALLY COUNTING BECAUSE PEOPLE JUST PRESUMED THAT WE ARE NOT BOWLING ANYTHING.

SO IT'S FINE.

THERE'S A LOT OF EMISSIONS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE AND I THINK SOMETHING LIKE EIGHT PERCENT OF OUR GLOBAL EMISSIONS COME FROM CONCRETE.

AND THEN THERE'S A SIGNIFICANT METHANE RELEASES FROM THE RESERVOIR.

THAT PLANT MATERIAL DECOMPOSES AND SO IT CAN TAKE MORE THAN A DECADE OF THE EQUIVALENT OF RUNNING FOSSIL FUELS TO OVERCOME THE EMBEDDED CARBON WITHIN THE DAM.

AND THEN THERE'S JUST REALLY MAJOR ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL IMPACTS, WHICH HAVE BEEN PRETTY WELL DOCUMENTED AROUND THE WORLD.

>> CHINA FOR EXAMPLE HAS VERY VISIBLY GONE THROUGH SOME OF THE HARDSHIP OF PEOPLE BEING DISPLACED BECAUSE OF THE NEEDS OF ADAMIC.

WE ALSO WROTE ABOUT SOMETHING THAT'S QUITE INTERESTING.

I HEARD ABOUT THIS FOR THE SPIRIT SPONGE CITIES THAT HAPPENED WHAT CAN YOU LEARN FROM THAT?

>> I MENTIONED THAT THE AREA COVERED BY PAVEMENT AND ADVERSITIES GLOBALLY HAS DOUBLED.

DOUBLED SINCE 1982.

AND WE HAVE SEEN A REAL INCREASE IN URBAN FLOODING.

AND IT'S BECAUSE WHEN RAIN FALLS ÃÃPARTLY IT'S BECAUSE CLIMATE CHANGE IS BRINGING BIGGER STORMS.

BUT A BIGGER PART OF IT IS ALSO BECAUSE THAT WATER CANNOT SINK INTO THE SOIL AND SO IT JUST RUNS OFF THE PAVEMENT AND YOU HAVE A LOT OF WATER AT ONCE THAT YOU HAVE TO DO SOMETHING WITH.

AND THERE IS A LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT THERE NAMED [INDISCERNIBLE] WHO IS PRETTY WELL-KNOWN INTERNATIONALLY.

WHOSE DOING WORK IN TRYING TO FIND THINGS WITHIN THE CITY FOR WATER TO FLOW UNDERGROUND AND HE DOES THIS THROUGH HIS LANDSCAPE OBJECTS.

SO ÃJUST THE PRESIDENT OF BECAME AWARE OF THIS WORK AND DECIDED TO MAKE NATIONWIDE PROGRAM TO TRY AND MAKE CITIES MORE PERMEABLE AND DEDUCTED SPONGE CITIES.

AND I REALLY LIKE THAT MONIKER BECAUSE IT'S VERY EVEN TALKING TO.

YOU IMAGINE THAT THE SOIL ABSORBING THE WATER AND THEN RELEASING IT LATER WHEN IT'S NEEDED.

AND SO ÃÃWITHIN THE CITY, THERE ARE VARIOUS WAYS TO DO THIS.

YOU KNOW?

YOU CAN HAVE GREEN ROOTS.

YOU CAN HAVE BIO SWELLS, WHICH ARE DITCHES THAT ABSORB STORMWATER AND TYPICALLY THEY ARE LINED WITH NATIVE PLANTS THAT CAN TOLERATE BOTH THE WATER AND THE DRY PERIOD.

YOU CAN DO INFILTRATION WELLS, WHICH ARE KIND OF COMICAL WELLS INTO THE GROUND AND THEN THE WATER ABSORBS THROUGH THE SIDES.

YOU CAN MAKE YOUR PAVEMENT PERMEABLE AND YOU CAN MAKE INCENTIVES TO INCREASE FILTRATION WITH STREET TREES AND THINGS LIKE THAT.

>> HE MENTIONED THAT.

TRYING TO RETURN WATER BACK MORE TOWARDS THE NATIONAL STATE OF HOW IT FLOWED.

IT DOES NOT JUST HAVE ORIGINAL BENEFIT.

BUT IT CAN HELP WITH THIS EXISTENTIAL CRISIS THAT WE FACE ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE.

HOW?

>> YOU KNOW, THERE'S AN EXPRESSION THAT CLIMATE CHANGE HAS WATER CHANGE AND THAT'S BECAUSE A LOT OF THE WAYS THAT WE ARE STARTING TO EXPERIENCE CLIMATE CHANGE AND OUR OWN COMMUNITIES IS THROUGH THESE WATER EXTREMES.

YOU KNOW?

HEAVY FLOODING AND REALLY INTENSE DROUGHTS.

AND I THINK PEOPLE CAN FEEL REALLY OVERWHELMED BY CLIMATE CHANGE.

WE ARE WAITING FOR OUR NATIONAL LEADERS TO MAKE DEALS WITH OTHER NATIONAL LEADERS AND EVERYBODY TO REDUCE THEIR ADMISSIONS.

AND YOU KNOW, THAT'S INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT.

BUT 25 PERCENT OF OUR EMOTIONS COME FROM LAND-USE CHANGE.

AND THE SLOW WATER SOLUTIONS HAVE REALLY IMPORTANT CARBON STORAGE COMPONENTS.

AND IN SOME CASES ÃÃDIFFERENT KINDS OF WETLANDS CAN STORE 3Y¥ TIMES MORE CARBON DIOXIDE THAN FORESTS.

>> WE HAVE JOHN HAGAN LUPRON THE PROGRAM AND HE WAS TALKING ABOUT THE NEED FOR SENATORS TO COME TOGETHER AND TRY TO HASH OUT THEIR DISAGREEMENTS ABOUT HOW TO USE THE WATER ON THE COLORADO.

IF YOU WERE IN THAT ROOM SO TO SPEAK ÃÃWHERE THESE PEOPLE ARE.

I MEAN, WHAT IS ÃÃBASED ON YOUR REPORTING AND THAT ONE DETECTIVES THAT YOU HAVE TALKED TO AND THE RESEARCH THAT YOU'VE DONE FOR THIS ON WHAT'S WORKING AROUND THE WORLD ÃÃHOW ÃÃ WHAT IS THE WATER ÃÃWHAT DOES THE COLORADO WARMTH AND HOW CAN WE HELP IT BECOME MORE BIGGEST LIFE-SUSTAINING, WHICH IS BENEFICIAL TO US?

>> WHAT WATER WANTS IS A RETURN OF THESE SLOPE BASES THAT WE ERADICATED WITH OUR DEVELOPMENT.

YOU KNOW, THE WETLANDS, THE FLOODPLAINS.

SO ÃÃTHERE ARE A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS THAT WE CAN DO.

YOU KNOW?

BEAVER RESTORATION IS REALLY IMPORTANT THING THAT HAS BEEN HAPPENING IN THE WESTERN U.S.

IT STARTED IN WASHINGTON STATE, PRONOUNCE EXPANDING TO OREGON AND CALIFORNIA AND COLORADO.

AND YOU KNOW JUST AS TRAPPERS CAME FIRST ACROSS THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA AND ELIMINATED MOST OF THE BEAVERS.

IT KILLED THEM THROUGH TRAPPING.

FOR THE FIRST TRADE AND SO WHEN SETTLERS CAME ÃJUST A LANDSCAPE WAS ALREADY SIGNIFICANTLY DRIED OUT FROM WHAT IT HAD BEEN NATURALLY.

IMPORTANT ROLE.

YOU KNOW, THE BUILD THESE PONDS AND THAT SLOWS WATER AND YOU KNOW, THE WATER CAN THEN MOVE UNDERGROUND AND JOINED THE SURFACE WATER AT A LATER DATE.

OF FLOODPLAIN.

SO ÃÃWHEN WE PUT LEVIES RIGHT ALONG THE FLOODPLAIN AND USE THAT LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT AND FOR FARMING ÃÃWE ARE RAISING THE LEVEL OF THE RIVER AND INCREASING FLOOD RISK.

BUT WE ARE ALSO PREVENTING THAT FLOODWATER FROM SLOWING IN THE FLOODPLAIN AND THAT KIND OF WHISKS OUR WATER AWAY AND MAKES IT LESS AVAILABLE INTO THE DRY SEASON.

THERE'S A MUCH MORE IMPORTANT PROCESS FOR CARBON STORAGE AND FOOD AND FAMINE THAT HAPPENED ON THE FLOODPLAIN.

SO IN SOME PLACES, INCLUDING CALIFORNIA, THERE ARE NEW POLICIES TO INCLUDE COURAGE REMOVING THE LEVEES BACK TO THE FAR EDGE OF THE FLOODPLAIN AND RETURN THAT LAND TO WATER.

BUT I REALLY DO THINK THAT IT REQUIRES THINKING MORE IN TERMS OF [LAUGHTER] YOU KNOW, I HESITATE TO SAY THIS BECAUSE I FEEL IT SOUNDS A LITTLE NEW AG, BUT THE ABUNDANCE MENTALITY VERSUS THE SCARCITY MENTALITY.

YOU KNOW?

WHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO SUCK OUT EVERY DROP AND MAXIMIZE EVERY EFFICIENCY ÃÃYOU ARE LEAVING MORE WATER IN THE SYSTEM TO DO ITS THING AND YOU KNOW ÃJUST LIKE IN CALIFORNIA, WE HAVE THIS YOU KNOW ÃÃTHIS FITS VERSUS ARMORS ARGUMENT.

BUT THERE IS BEEN GOOD SOME GOOD SCIENTIFIC WORK THAT SHOWS THAT WHEN YOU SET THE LEVY BACK ON THE FLOODPLAIN AND YOU ALLOW THE FISH TO SPEND TIME IN THE FLOODPLAIN WHEN THEY ARE SMALL, THEY GET REALLY BIG.

YOU KNOW?

SIGNIFICANTLY.

FIVE OR 10 TIMES BETTER THAN THEY WOULD IF THEY WERE JUST GOING TO THE RIVER BECAUSE THE RIVER IN THE LEVY IS LIKE A FOOD DESERT.

SO ÃÃTHE FISH ON THE FLOODPLAIN GET FAT AND HAPPY AND MUCH STRONGER.

IT DOES NOT NEED AS MUCH SPECIAL ATTENTION AND THEN THAT WATER IS THAT SAME WATER THAT WAS BENEFITING THE FISH.

IS MOVING BACK INTO THE RIVER OVER A LONGER PERIOD OF TIME AND KEEPING WATER LEVELS HIGHER THAN SUMMER.

SO THE SAME WATER IS BENEFITING THE FISH AND THE FARMERS.

AND SO ÃÃTHAT IS JUST ONE EXAMPLE OF THE WAY IN WHICH ROBOTIC FOR THE SYSTEMS AND MAKING THEM HEALTHIER YOU KNOW ÃÃTHEY CAN BETTER PROVIDE FOR US.

>> ERIKA, GUYS, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOURNEYS.

THE WATERS CALLED WATER ALWAYS WINS.

GETTING WITH AN AGE OF DROUGHT.

>> THANK YOU.

>> AND FINALLY WE WILL HAVE MUCH MORE FROM THE MUNICH SECURITY CONFERENCE NEXT WEEK.

HEARING FROM KEY LEADERS ACROSS EUROPE.

AND AS PRESIDENT BIDEN MAKES HIS WAY TO POLAND, CHRISTIANE WILL HAVE MORE FROM MORE SONG.

AND THEN MARKING A DEVASTATING DAY.

WE WILL BRING YOU SPECIAL COVERAGE ON THE GROUND IN KIEV ONE YEAR ON FROM RUSSIA'S LATEST INVASION OF THE UKRAINE.

AND THAT'S IT FOR OUR PROGRAM TONIGHT.

IF YOU WANT TO FIND OUT WHAT'S COMING UP ON THE SHOW EACH NIGHT, SIGN UP FOR OUR NEWSLETTER@PBS.ORG/ [INDISCERNIBLE] THANKS MUCH FOR WATCHING FROM THE COMPANY.

JOIN US AGAIN NEXT WEEK.

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